FIG 1. Patient 1.

A, Sagittal T1-weighted image (500/14/4) shows the AVM in the left precentral gyrus and central sulcus, thereby involving the expected primary representation area of the left hand.

B and C, Four adjacent axial sections show cortical maps related to finger movements of the left (B) and right (C) hand. Compared with the right hemisphere M1 representation, which is in the expected anatomic location (B), activation in the left hemisphere is displaced laterally. This displacement does not follow the structural distortion of the rolandic region induced by the AVM. Note further activation in bilateral parietal and SMAs.

FIG A1. Plotted signal models of the boxcar functions with different time delays (one, two, and three TRs; upper row), and the trapezoidal function with a one-TR delay and a rise time of two TRs (lower image)