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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

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American Journal of Neuroradiology 22:314-316 (2 2001)
© 2001 American Society of Neuroradiology

ARTICLE

Mesiotemporal T2-Weighted Hyperintensity: Neurosyphilis Mimicking Herpes Encephalitis

S. Bash^a, G.M. Hathout^,a and S. Cohen^a

^a From theDepartments of Radiology (S.B., G.M.H.) and Neurology (S.C.), University of California Los Angeles, and the Department of Neurology (S.C.), West LA Veterans Hospital, Los Angeles, CA.

Summary: Bilateral mesiotemporal hyperintensity on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR images of a patient with a clinical syndrome of encephalitis is considered to be a classic finding for herpes simplex virus infection. We report a case of neurosyphilis with identical MR imaging abnormalities and a similar clinical presentation. Because syphilis is not routinely tested for, awareness of this mimicry of herpes simplex virus encephalitis is important, considering the potential therapeutic implications.

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