American Journal of Neuroradiology 23:794-802, May 2002
© 2002 American Society of Neuroradiology
BRAIN
Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging in Diffuse Axonal Injury
a Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison
b Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison
c Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison
d Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Address reprint requests to Konstantinos Arfanakis, PhD, University of Wisconsin, 1530 Medical Science Center, 1300 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706-1532
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Disruption of the cytoskeletal network and axonal membranes characterizes diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in the first few hours after traumatic brain injury. Histologic abnormalities seen in DAI hypothetically decrease the diffusion along axons and increase the diffusion in directions perpendicular to them. DAI therefore is hypothetically associated in the short term with decreased diffusion anisotropy. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the diffusion characteristics of traumatized brain tissue with use of diffusion tensor MR imaging.
METHODS: Five patients with mild traumatic brain injuries and 10 control subjects were studied with CT, conventional MR imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging. All patients were examined within 24 hours of injury. In each participant, diffusion tensor indices from homologous normal-appearing white matter regions of both hemispheres were compared. These indices were also compared between homologous regions of each patient and the control group. In two patients, diffusion tensor images from the immediate posttrauma period were compared with those at 1 month follow-up.
RESULTS: Patients displayed significant reduction of diffusion anisotropy in several regions compared with the homologous ones in the contralateral hemisphere. Such differences were not observed in the control subjects. Significant reduction of diffusion anisotropy was also detected when diffusion tensor results from the patients were compared with those of the controls. This reduction was often less evident 1 month after injury.
CONCLUSION: White matter regions with reduced anisotropy are detected in the first 24 hours after traumatic brain injury. Therefore, diffusion tensor imaging may be a powerful technique for in vivo detection of DAI.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  C.-M. Wu, S.-H. Ng, J.-J. Wang, and T.-C. Liu Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Subcortical Auditory Tract in Subjects with Congenital Cochlear Nerve Deficiency AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., October 1, 2009; 30(9): 1773 - 1777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. L. Lipton, E. Gulko, M. E. Zimmerman, B. W. Friedman, M. Kim, E. Gellella, T. Gold, K. Shifteh, B. A. Ardekani, and C. A. Branch Diffusion-Tensor Imaging Implicates Prefrontal Axonal Injury in Executive Function Impairment Following Very Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Radiology, September 1, 2009; 252(3): 816 - 824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.E. Mamere, L.A.L. Saraiva, A.L.M. Matos, A.A.O. Carneiro, and A.C. Santos Evaluation of Delayed Neuronal and Axonal Damage Secondary to Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Using Quantitative MR Imaging Techniques AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 2009; 30(5): 947 - 952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Li, Q. Jiang, G. Ding, L. Zhang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Li, S. Panda, A. Kapke, M. Lu, J. R. Ewing, et al. MRI Identification of White Matter Reorganization Enhanced by Erythropoietin Treatment in a Rat Model of Focal Ischemia Stroke, March 1, 2009; 40(3): 936 - 941. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M M Gold and M L Lipton Diffusion tractography of axonal degeneration following shear injury J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, December 1, 2008; 79(12): 1374 - 1375. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. N. Niogi, P. Mukherjee, J. Ghajar, C. E. Johnson, R. Kolster, H. Lee, M. Suh, R. D. Zimmerman, G. T. Manley, and B. D. McCandliss Structural dissociation of attentional control and memory in adults with and without mild traumatic brain injury Brain, December 1, 2008; 131(12): 3209 - 3221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. L. MacDonald, N. Schwarze, S. N. Vaishnavi, A. A. Epstein, A. Z. Snyder, M. E. Raichle, J. S. Shimony, and D. L. Brody VERBAL MEMORY DEFICIT FOLLOWING TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: ASSESSMENT USING ADVANCED MRI METHODS Neurology, October 7, 2008; 71(15): 1199 - 1201. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.R. Rutgers, P. Fillard, G. Paradot, M. Tadie, P. Lasjaunias, and D. Ducreux Diffusion Tensor Imaging Characteristics of the Corpus Callosum in Mild, Moderate, and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., October 1, 2008; 29(9): 1730 - 1735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Mayers Return-to-Play Criteria After Athletic Concussion: A Need for Revision Arch Neurol, September 1, 2008; 65(9): 1158 - 1161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Versace, J. R. C. Almeida, S. Hassel, N. D. Walsh, M. Novelli, C. R. Klein, D. J. Kupfer, and M. L. Phillips Elevated Left and Reduced Right Orbitomedial Prefrontal Fractional Anisotropy in Adults With Bipolar Disorder Revealed by Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Arch Gen Psychiatry, September 1, 2008; 65(9): 1041 - 1052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Ghajar and R. B. Ivry The Predictive Brain State: Timing Deficiency in Traumatic Brain Injury? Neurorehabil Neural Repair, May 1, 2008; 22(3): 217 - 227. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.N. Niogi, P. Mukherjee, J. Ghajar, C. Johnson, R.A. Kolster, R. Sarkar, H. Lee, M. Meeker, R.D. Zimmerman, G.T. Manley, et al. Extent of Microstructural White Matter Injury in Postconcussive Syndrome Correlates with Impaired Cognitive Reaction Time: A 3T Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 2008; 29(5): 967 - 973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Y. Wang, K. Bakhadirov, M. D. Devous Sr, H. Abdi, R. McColl, C. Moore, C. D. Marquez de la Plata, K. Ding, A. Whittemore, E. Babcock, et al. Diffusion Tensor Tractography of Traumatic Diffuse Axonal Injury Arch Neurol, May 1, 2008; 65(5): 619 - 626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Mukherjee, J.I. Berman, S.W. Chung, C.P. Hess, and R.G. Henry Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging and Fiber Tractography: Theoretic Underpinnings AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., April 1, 2008; 29(4): 632 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Wilde, S. R. McCauley, J. V. Hunter, E. D. Bigler, Z. Chu, Z. J. Wang, G. R. Hanten, M. Troyanskaya, R. Yallampalli, X. Li, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging of acute mild traumatic brain injury in adolescents Neurology, March 18, 2008; 70(12): 948 - 955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Levine, N. Kovacevic, E. I. Nica, G. Cheung, F. Gao, M. L. Schwartz, and S. E. Black The Toronto traumatic brain injury study: Injury severity and quantified MRI Neurology, March 4, 2008; 70(10): 771 - 778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.R. Rutgers, F. Toulgoat, J. Cazejust, P. Fillard, P. Lasjaunias, and D. Ducreux White Matter Abnormalities in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., March 1, 2008; 29(3): 514 - 519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Sidaros, A. W. Engberg, K. Sidaros, M. G. Liptrot, M. Herning, P. Petersen, O. B. Paulson, T. L. Jernigan, and E. Rostrup Diffusion tensor imaging during recovery from severe traumatic brain injury and relation to clinical outcome: a longitudinal study Brain, February 1, 2008; 131(2): 559 - 572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E V SULLIVAN and A PFEFFERBAUM Neuroradiological characterization of normal adult ageing Br. J. Radiol., December 1, 2007; 80(Special_Issue_2): S99 - S108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Yuan, S.K. Holland, V.J. Schmithorst, N.C. Walz, K.M. Cecil, B.V. Jones, P. Karunanayaka, L. Michaud, and S.L. Wade Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging Reveals Persistent White Matter Alteration after Traumatic Brain Injury Experienced during Early Childhood AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., November 1, 2007; 28(10): 1919 - 1925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. L. Mac Donald, K. Dikranian, P. Bayly, D. Holtzman, and D. Brody Diffusion Tensor Imaging Reliably Detects Experimental Traumatic Axonal Injury and Indicates Approximate Time of Injury J. Neurosci., October 31, 2007; 27(44): 11869 - 11876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Kraus, T. Susmaras, B. P. Caughlin, C. J. Walker, J. A. Sweeney, and D. M. Little White matter integrity and cognition in chronic traumatic brain injury: a diffusion tensor imaging study Brain, October 1, 2007; 130(10): 2508 - 2519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C. Davis and for the Expert Panel on Neurologic Imaging Head Trauma AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., September 1, 2007; 28(8): 1619 - 1621. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Miyanji, J. C. Furlan, B. Aarabi, P. M. Arnold, and M. G. Fehlings Acute Cervical Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: MR Imaging Findings Correlated with Neurologic Outcome--Prospective Study with 100 Consecutive Patients Radiology, June 1, 2007; 243(3): 820 - 827. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.A. Cohen, M. Inglese, H. Rusinek, J.S. Babb, R.I. Grossman, and O. Gonen Proton MR Spectroscopy and MRI-Volumetry in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 2007; 28(5): 907 - 913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. G. Belanger, R. D. Vanderploeg, G. Curtiss, and D. L. Warden Recent Neuroimaging Techniques in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, February 1, 2007; 19(1): 5 - 20. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N Nakayama, A Okumura, J Shinoda, Y-T Yasokawa, K Miwa, S-I Yoshimura, and T Iwama Evidence for white matter disruption in traumatic brain injury without macroscopic lesions J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, July 1, 2006; 77(7): 850 - 855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Pena, H A L Green, T A Carpenter, S J Price, J D Pickard, and J H Gillard Enhanced visualization and quantification of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging using the p:q tensor decomposition Br. J. Radiol., February 1, 2006; 79(938): 101 - 109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. V. Mendez, R. A. Hurley, M. Lassonde, L. Zhang, and K. H. Taber Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Neuroimaging of Sports-Related Concussion J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, August 1, 2005; 17(3): 297 - 303. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-C. Chou, Y.-R. Lin, T.-Y. Huang, C.-Y. Wang, H.-W. Chung, C.-J. Juan, and C.-Y. Chen FLAIR Diffusion-Tensor MR Tractography: Comparison of Fiber Tracking with Conventional Imaging AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., March 1, 2005; 26(3): 591 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Schwartz, E. T. Cooper, C.-L. Chin, S. Wehrli, A. Tessler, and D. B. Hackney Ex vivo Evaluation of ADC Values within Spinal Cord White Matter Tracts AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., February 1, 2005; 26(2): 390 - 397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Schwartz, C.-L. Chin, J. S. Shumsky, A. F. Jawad, B. K. Brown, S. Wehrli, A. Tessler, M. Murray, and D. B. Hackney Apparent Diffusion Coefficients in Spinal Cord Transplants and Surrounding White Matter Correlate with Degree of Axonal Dieback After Injury in Rats AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., January 1, 2005; 26(1): 7 - 18. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Naganawa, C. Sato, S. Ishihra, H. Kumada, T. Ishigaki, S. Miura, M. Watanabe, K. Maruyama, and O. Takizawa Serial Evaluation of Diffusion Tensor Brain Fiber Tracking in a Patient with Severe Diffuse Axonal Injury AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., October 1, 2004; 25(9): 1553 - 1556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A.G.M. Huisman, L. H. Schwamm, P. W. Schaefer, W. J. Koroshetz, N. Shetty-Alva, Y. Ozsunar, O. Wu, and A. G. Sorensen Diffusion Tensor Imaging as Potential Biomarker of White Matter Injury in Diffuse Axonal Injury AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., March 1, 2004; 25(3): 370 - 376. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Zhai, W. Lin, K. P. Wilber, G. Gerig, and J. H. Gilmore Comparisons of Regional White Matter Diffusion in Healthy Neonates and Adults Performed with a 3.0-T Head-only MR Imaging Unit Radiology, December 1, 2003; 229(3): 673 - 681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. C.-Y. Chen, H.-W. Chung, and M. Liou Measurement of Volumetric Lesion Load in Multiple Sclerosis: Moving from Normal- to Dirty-Appearing White Matter AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., November 1, 2003; 24(10): 1929 - 1930. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Ptak, R. L. Sheridan, J. T. Rhea, A. A. Gervasini, J. H. Yun, M. A. Curran, P. Borszuk, L. Petrovick, and R. A. Novelline Cerebral Fractional Anisotropy Score in Trauma Patients: A New Indicator of White Matter Injury After Trauma Am. J. Roentgenol., November 1, 2003; 181(5): 1401 - 1407. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. S. Field, K. Hasan, B. J. Jellison, K. Arfanakis, and A. L. Alexander Diffusion Tensor Imaging in an Infant with Traumatic Brain Swelling AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., August 1, 2003; 24(7): 1461 - 1464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|