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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

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American Journal of Neuroradiology 24:1461-1464, August 2003
© 2003 American Society of Neuroradiology

PEDIATRICS

Diffusion Tensor Imaging in an Infant with Traumatic Brain Swelling

Aaron S. Field^a, Khader Hasan^b, Brian J. Jellison^a, Konstantinos Arfanakis^b and Andrew L. Alexander^b,c

^a Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin
^b Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin
^c Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin

Address correspondence to Aaron S. Field, M.D., Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, E3/311 Clinical Science Center, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-3252

Summary: We present the case of a 14-month-old male infant who underwent diffusion tensor imaging within 24 hours of traumatic brain injury. Although conventional MR findings that included those of diffusion-weighted imaging were unremarkable, full-tensor diffusion imaging revealed striking abnormalities in regions of brain that subsequently developed overt swelling. This case engenders important hypotheses regarding mechanisms of traumatic brain swelling and anisotropic diffusion of water in pathologic tissues.