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American Journal of Neuroradiology 26:2137-2143, September 2005
© 2005 American Society of Neuroradiology

PEDIATRICS

Bacillus cereus Meningoencephalitis in Preterm Infants: Neuroimaging Characteristics

Maarten H. Lequina, Jeroen R. Vermeulenc, Ruurd M. van Elburgd, Frederik Barkhofe, René F. Kornelisseb,e, Renate Swarteb and Paul P. Govaertb

a Department of Radiology, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus MC—University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology , Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus MC—University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
c Department of Pediatric Neurology , VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
d Department of Neonatology , VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
e Department of Radiology , VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Address correspondence to M. H. Lequin, MD, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus Medical Center—University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 60, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, the Netherlands

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Meningoencephalitis can severely damage the developing brain. Preterms are more prone for nosocomial infections with pathogens other than Group B streptococci and Escherichia coli. In this report we focus on the deleterious clinical course and imaging characteristics of proven Bacillus cereus meningoencephalitis.

METHODS: We collected 3 cases of proven Bacillus cereus meningoencephalitis. In the medical records we focused on prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risk factors. Imaging data of several brain ultrasounds, MR images, and diffusion-weighted images were reevaluated.

RESULTS: The ultrasound and MR images show a typical pattern of mainly hemorrhagic and early cavitating, selective white matter destruction.

CONCLUSION: Knowledge of this paradigm of acquired brain injury may help to better understand the natural course of these severe neonatal infections.






Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X