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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

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American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1037-1039, May 2006
© 2006 American Society of Neuroradiology

Case Report
BRAIN

CT and MR Imaging of Neuroaxonal Leukodystrophy Presenting as Early-Onset Frontal Dementia

M. Mascalchi^a, C. Gavazzi^a, M. Morbin^c, G. Giaccone^c, G. Arnetoli^b, R. Zappoli^b and O. Bugiani^c

^a Radiodiagnostic Section, Department of Clinical Physiopathology
^b Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
^c Division of Neuropathology, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Professor Mario Mascalchi, Radiodiagnostic Section, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, Florence, Italy

SUMMARY: CT and MR imaging showed diffuse changes of the frontal white matter and genu of the corpus callosum with minimal atrophy and no contrast enhancement in a 41-year-old woman with progressive dementia. Brain biopsy disclosed axonal spheroids and gliosis in the white matter without macrophage or inflammatory infiltration or vessel abnormalities consistent with neuroaxonal leukodystrophy. This disease can be suspected on CT and MR imaging findings but requires neuropathologic examination to be diagnosed.

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