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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

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American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:111-115, January 2007
© 2007 American Society of Neuroradiology

BRAIN

Physiologic and Anatomic Assessment of a Canine Carotid Artery Stenosis Model Utilizing Phase Contrast with Vastly Undersampled Isotropic Projection Imaging

A.S. Turk^a,c, K.M. Johnson^b, D. Lum^a, D. Niemann^a,c, B. Aagaard-Kienitz^a,c, D. Consigny^a, J. Grinde^a, P. Turski^a, V. Haughton^a and C. Mistretta^b

^a Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wis
^b Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wis
^c Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wis

Please address correspondence to: Aquilla S. Turk, DO, 600 Highland Ave, CSC E3/372, Madison, WI 53792; e-mail: as.turk{at}hosp.wisc.edu

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Noninvasive assessment of the hemodynamic significance of carotid stenosis is often performed with MR angiography and supplemented with carotid Doppler sonography. Phase contrast with vastly undersampled isotropic projection reconstruction (PC-VIPR), a novel MR imaging technique, accelerates phase-contrast MR flow imaging and provides both images of the vessels and measurements of blood-flow velocities. For this study, we determined the accuracy of PC-VIPR blood-flow velocity measurements to determine pressure gradients across an experimental carotid stenosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A focal stenosis was surgically created in each common carotid artery of 6 canines. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed, and the degree of stenosis was determined using the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial methodology. A microcatheter was positioned in the carotid artery proximal and distal to the stenosis, and pressures were measured in the vessel through the catheter. PC-VIPR was then performed on a 1.5T MR imaging scanner with parameters producing 0.8-mm isotropic voxel resolution. From the velocity measurements, pressure gradients were calculated from the Navier-Stokes relationship to compare with the pressures measured by a catheter.

RESULTS: Carotid stenoses in the 50%–85% range were produced in the 12 arteries. Pressure gradients across the stenoses ranged from 6 to 26 mm Hg. The pressure gradient calculated from the PC-VIPR data correlated (r = 0.91, P < .0001) with the actual pressure measurements.

CONCLUSION: With PC-VIPR, a novel MR imaging technique, the hemodynamic effect of a stenosis on flow and pressure can be evaluated.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. P. Lum, K. M. Johnson, R. K. Paul, A. S. Turk, D. W. Consigny, J. R. Grinde, C. A. Mistretta, and T. M. Grist Transstenotic Pressure Gradients: Measurement in Swine Retrospectively ECG-gated 3D Phase-Contrast MR Angiography versus Endovascular Pressure-sensing Guidewires Radiology, December 1, 2007; 245(3): 751 - 760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Moftakhar, B. Aagaard-Kienitz, K. Johnson, P.A. Turski, A.S. Turk, D.B. Niemann, D. Consigny, J. Grinde, O. Wieben, and C.A. Mistretta Noninvasive Measurement of Intra-Aneurysmal Pressure and Flow Pattern Using Phase Contrast with Vastly Undersampled Isotropic Projection Imaging AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., October 1, 2007; 28(9): 1710 - 1714. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]