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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

Published ahead of print on May 27, 2009
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1623

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American Journal of Neuroradiology 30:1751-1753, October 2009
© 2009 American Society of Neuroradiology

Case Report
BRAIN

Ipilimumab-Induced Hypophysitis: MR Imaging Findings

K.J. Carpenter^a, R.D. Murtagh^a,b,c, H. Lilienfeld^d, J. Weber^e and F.R. Murtagh^a,b,c

^aFrom the Department of Radiology (K.J.C., R.D.M., F.R.M.), University of South Florida, Tampa, Fla
^bUniversity Diagnostic Institute (R.D.M., F.R.M,), Tampa, Fla
^cDepartments of Diagnostic Imaging and Interdisciplinary Oncology (R.D.M., F.R.M.)
^dEndocrinology (H.L.)
^eCutaneous Surgery (J.W.), Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Fla.

Please address correspondence to Ryan D. Murtagh, MD, MBA, University Diagnostic Institute, 3301 Alumni Dr, Tampa FL 33629; e-mail: rmurtagh13{at}gmail.com

SUMMARY: Ipilimumab is a promising new immunotherapeutic antineoplastic agent with clinical activity in the treatment of metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. With advances in immunotherapy, however, a host of new side effects related to the mechanism of action of these drugs has appeared. At our institution, 3 patients presented with hypophysitis, which was attributed to an autoimmune process based on the documented relationship of the drug to other autoimmune phenomena and significant and rapid improvement with discontinuation of the drug and addition of steroids. We present the imaging findings in 3 patients with presumed ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis.