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American Journal of Neuroradiology
DOI 10.3174/ajnr.A1835
BRAIN
In Vivo Proton MR Spectroscopy Evaluation of Pyogenic Brain Abscesses: A Report of 194 Cases
From the Departments of Radiodiagnosis (D.P., A.B., R.K.G.), Biostatistics (C.M.P.), and Microbiology (K.N.P.), Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, and Department of Neurosurgery (M.H.), Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj University, Lucknow, UP, India.
Please address correspondence to Rakesh K. Gupta, MD, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Rd, Lucknow, UP, India, 226014; e-mail: rgupta{at}sgpgi.ac.in or rakeshree1{at}gmail.com
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The combination of nonspecific clinical findings and similarities in morphologic appearances on imaging often makes it difficult to distinguish abscesses from other brain lesions. We present a retrospective analysis of in vivo 1H-MR spectroscopy data for characterization of the etiology of the brain abscess based on the established criteria and demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of metabolite markers assigned to specific bacterial groups defined by the microbial culture in 194 patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional MR imaging and in vivo 1H-MR spectroscopy data were evaluated from patients with pyogenic brain abscesses, with ages ranging from 3 to 60 years. Imaging and 1H-MR spectroscopy were performed on a 1.5T scanner. After MR imaging was performed and analyzed, pus aspirates were obtained in all patients. The causative organisms were confirmed by pus cultures.
RESULTS: Resonance of AAs with or without other metabolites on in vivo 1H-MR spectroscopy was observed in 80% of abscesses, with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.72 and 0.30, respectively. Most obligate anaerobes and some facultative anaerobes showed the presence of Lac/Lip, AAs, and Ac with or without Suc. Mostly obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes showed the presence of Lac and AAs, with or without lipids.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of AAs on in vivo 1H-MR spectroscopy is a sensitive marker of pyogenic abscess, but its absence does not rule out a pyogenic etiology. The presence of Ac with or without Suc favors an anaerobic bacterial origin of the abscess; however, this may also be seen in some of the abscesses secondary to facultative anaerobes.