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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

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Use of Three-dimensional MR Angiography for Tracking a Contrast Bolus in the Carotid Artery

Elias R. Melhem^,a, Shelton D. Caruthers^a, Sami G. Faddoul^a, Richard Tello^a and Hernan Jara^a

^a From the Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD (E.R.M.), and the Department of Radiology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA (S.D.C., S.G.F., R.T., H.J.).

View larger version (75K): [in a new window]   FIG 1. MIP projections of six of 20 temporally resolved volumes acquired from a male volunteer using subtracted 3D dynamic keyhole turbo field-echo MR angiography (TR/TE = 6/3, flip angle = 50°) show a coronal view of the vessels in the head and neck. The early phases show the aortic arch and major branches, the carotid arteries and bifurcations, and the vertebrobasilar arteries without interference from veins. The later phases show the arteries and the internal jugular veins

View larger version (64K): [in a new window]   FIG 2. Rotated MIP projections of the eighth dynamic volume (arterial phase) acquired from a male volunteer using 3D dynamic keyhole turbo field-echo MR angiography (TR/TE = 6/3, flip angle = 50°). The nonsubtracted (top row) and the subtracted (bottom row) images show the aortic arch and major branches, the carotid arteries and bifurcations, and the vertebrobasilar arteries without interference from veins. Note the improved contrast between the arteries and background on the subtracted images

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   FIG 3. Rotated targeted MIP projections of the ninth dynamic volume (arterial phase) acquired from a female volunteer using subtracted 3D dynamic keyhole turbo field-echo MR angiography (TR/TE = 6/3, flip angle = 50°) show a normal left carotid bifurcation without interference from veins.

View larger version (46K): [in a new window]   FIG 4. A, MIP projection of the left carotid bifurcation acquired from a female patient with suspected moderate narrowing (arrow) using 2D TOF MR angiography (TR/TE = 22/7, flip angle = 60°). B, The MIP projection acquired using subtracted 3D dynamic keyhole turbo field-echo MR angiography (TR/TE = 6/3, flip angle = 50°) shows a patent left carotid bifurcation.