Functional MR Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease during Memory Encoding
Serge A.R.B. Romboutsa,
Frederik Barkhofa,
Dick J. Veltmana,
Willem C.M. Machielsena,
Menno P. Wittera,
Marije A. Bierlaagha,
Richard H.C. Lazerona,
Jaap Valka and
Philip Scheltensa,b
a From the Departments of Clinical Physics and Informatics (S.A.R.B.R., M.A.B.), Diagnostic Radiology (F.B., J.V.), Psychiatry (D.J.V.), Anatomy and Embryology (M.P.W.), and Neurology (R.H.C.L., P.S., W.C.M.M.), Graduate School for Neurosciences Amsterdam, Research Institute Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
b Address reprint requests to P. Scheltens, MD, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, P.O. Box 7057,1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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FIG 1. Projection of average brain activation during encoding of color pictures in sagittal, coronal, and transverse directions in the control group and in the patients.
A, Control group (n = 10, left in picture is left in brain). A one-sample t test random effects analysis (P < .001; uncorrected; minimal cluster size, 108 mm3) was applied. Significant activation is observed in the occipital cortex, fusiform gyri, left parahippocampal gyrus, parietal lobe, and left inferior frontal gyrus.
B, Patients (n = 11). The main effect of signal increase is seen in the occipital cortex, right parahippocampal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, and cerebellum.
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FIG 2. Sagittal, coronal, and transverse sections showing a significant increase in brain activation in control volunteers compared with patients in the left hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus (black areas) during the first task, after application of the region of interest analysis (P < .05, uncorrected). The same effect is seen in the right parahippocampal gyrus (not shown). Activation is projected on the average brain of the 10 control volunteers (3D gradient-echo, T1-weighted sequence with parameters 15/7/1). Left in the figure is left in the brain
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FIG 3. Projection of average brain activation during encoding of line drawings in sagittal, coronal, and transverse directions in the control group and in patients.
A, Control group (n = 10, left in the figure is left in the brain). A one-sample t test random effects analysis (P < .001; uncorrected; minimal cluster size, 108 mm3) was applied. Significant activation is observed in the cerebellum, occipital cortex, parietal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, and left parahippocampal gyrus.
B, Patients (n = 8). The main effect of signal increase is seen in the occipital and parietal cortex, right precentral gyrus, left insula, left middle frontal gyrus, and cingulate sulcus.
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