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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

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Effect of Focal and Nonfocal Cerebral Lesions on Functional Connectivity Studied with MR Imaging

Michelle Quigley^,a, Dietmar Cordes^a, Gary Wendt^a, Pat Turski^a, Chad Moritz^a, Victor Haughton^a and M. Elizabeth Meyerand^a

^a From the Departments of Medical Physics (M.Q., D.C., C.M., M.E.M) and Radiology (G.W., P.T., V.H.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

View larger version (109K): [in a new window]   FIG 1. A–F, Coronal images in a patient with a left temporal oligodendroglioma. Student's t test, task-activation map for the auditory, text-listening paradigm (A and D) shows activation in the superior temporal gyri bilaterally. The functional connectivity map (B) based on a seed voxel in the left superior temporal gyrus (crosshairs in A) shows synchronous blood flow changes bilaterally in the superior temporal gyri. The intersect map (C) shows voxels that passed the thresholds in both the fMR (A) and fcMR (B) maps. It reflects a 33% concurrence ratio between the activation and connectivity analyses for this left hemisphere seed voxel. The functional connectivity map (E) based on a seed voxel in the right superior temporal gyrus (crosshairs in D) also shows synchronous blood flow changes bilaterally in the superior temporal gyri. The intersect map (F) reflects a 41% concurrence ratio between the activation map (D) and connectivity map (E) for this right hemisphere seed voxel

View larger version (112K): [in a new window]   FIG 2. A–F, Coronal images in a patient with a right parasylvian arteriovenous malformation. Student's t test, task-activation map for the motor, finger-tapping paradigm (A and D) shows activation in the sensorimotor cortices bilaterally. The functional connectivity maps (B and E) based on seed voxels chosen from the left and right sensorimotor cortices (crosshairs in A and D, respectively) show synchronous blood flow changes bilaterally in the sensorimotor cortices. The intersect maps (C and F) show the voxels common to both the task-activation and functional connectivity maps. They reflect a 49% and 43% concurrence ratio between the activation and connectivity analyses for these left and right hemisphere seed voxels, respectively.

View larger version (99K): [in a new window]   FIG 3. A–F, Coronal images in a patient with a left parietal cavernous angioma (not seen in this slice). Student's t test, task-activation map for the language, word-generation paradigm (A and D) shows activation in the left inferior and middle frontal gyri, and to a lesser extent in the right middle and inferior frontal gyri. The functional connectivity map (B) based on a seed voxel in the left inferior frontal gyrus (crosshairs in A) shows a pattern of connectivity in the left and right frontal lobes. The intersect map (C) shows voxels in both hemispheres passing the threshold in both the fMR and fcMR maps. It reflects a 51% concurrence ratio between activation and connectivity analyses for this left hemisphere seed voxel. The fMR (D), fcMR (E), and intersect (F) maps are shown for a seed voxel in the right inferior frontal gyrus (crosshairs in D). For this right hemisphere seed voxel, there was a 56% concurrence between the activation and connectivity maps. These data were not included in our tabulation because bilateral activation for language was not seen in all patients.

View larger version (73K): [in a new window]   FIG 4. A–F, Axial images in a patient with agenesis of the corpus callosum and midline cystic structures. Student's t test, task-activation map for the motor, finger-tapping paradigm (A) shows activation in the sensorimotor cortices bilaterally as well as in the supplemental motor area. The functional connectivity map (B) based on a seed voxel in the right sensorimotor cortex (crosshairs in A) shows synchronous blood flow changes in the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex only. The intersect map (C) shows voxels that passed the thresholds in both the fMR (A) and fcMR (B) maps. It reflects a 27% concurrence ratio between the activation and connectivity analyses for this right hemisphere seed voxel. Student's t test, task-activation map for the auditory, text-listening paradigm (D) shows activation in the superior temporal gyri bilaterally. The functional connectivity map (E) based on a seed voxel in the left superior temporal gyrus (crosshairs in D) shows synchronous blood flow changes in both the ipsilateral and the contralateral superior temporal gyri. The intersect map (F) reflects a 45% concurrence ratio between the activation (D) and connectivity (E) maps for this left hemisphere seed voxel.