Delivery of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor with Platinum Coils Enhances Wall Thickening and Coil Impregnation in a Rat Aneurysm Model
John M. Abrahams
,a,
Mark S. Formana,
M. Sean Gradya and
Scott L. Diamonda
a From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.M.A., M.S.G.), the Institute for Medicine and Engineering (J.M.A., S.L.D.), and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.F.), The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
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FIG 1.
A, Exposure of the CCA showing the temporary proximal and permanent distal ligatures.
B, The coil has been inserted into the CCA, a permanent ligature has been placed proximal to the arteriotomy, and the temporary ligature has been released.
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FIG 2. Histopathologic findings (stained with H&E) in the CCA segments for each group after 14 day coil implantation (original magnification x20).
A, Contralateral control.
B, Coil.
C, Coil + collagen. D, Coil + collagen/rhVEGF.
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FIG 3. Bar graphs comparing the results of the quantitative analysis.
A, Lumen area.
B, Lumen diameter.
C, Vessel wall thickness.
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FIG 4. Immunohistochemical staining for Factor VIII.
A, Control CCA section showing positive staining along the endothelium (original magnification x40).
B, CCA section from coil coated with collagen/rhVEGF with positive staining in areas of neovascularization (original magnification x40).
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FIG 5. SEMs of the surfaces of coil segments from different groups.
A, Unmodified coil (original magnification x200).
B, Coil + collagen (original magnification x200).
C, Coil + collagen/rhVEGF (original magnification x150). Note the intense cellular reaction with coil + collagen/rhVEGF.
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