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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

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Functional MR Imaging of the Human Cervical Spinal Cord

Saaussan Madi^a, Adam E. Flanders^a, Simon Vinitski^a, Gerald J. Herbison^a and Jonathan Nissanov^a

^a From the School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia (S.M., J.N.); the Departments of Radiology (A.E.F., S.V.) and Rehabilitation Medicine (G.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia; and the Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Pennsylvania/Hahnemann University, Philadelphia (J.N.).

View larger version (45K): [in a new window]   FIG 1. Activation/deactivation sites (increased/decreased BOLD signal) evoked by three different motor tasks: elbow flexion, wrist extension, and finger spreading. Chart shows frequency of significant signal increases or decreases, on a segment-by-segment basis, across the subjects imaged (elbow flexion, n = 3; wrist extension and finger spreading, n = 6)

View larger version (69K): [in a new window]   FIG 2. A–C, Activation maps for one subject evoked by three motor tasks: elbow flexion (A), wrist extension (B), and finger spreading (C). Color bar indicates the t statistics

View larger version (53K): [in a new window]   FIG 3. A–C, Activation maps for three subjects (A, B, and C, respectively) evoked by wrist extension. Color bar indicates the t statistics

View larger version (65K): [in a new window]   FIG 4. A–C, Deactivation maps (decreased BOLD signal) in one subject evoked by three motor tasks: biceps flexion (A), wrist extension (B), and finger spreading (C). Color bar indicates the t statistics

View larger version (59K): [in a new window]   FIG 5. A–C, Activation maps evoked by wrist extension (axial view) in three subjects (A, B, and C, respectively). Color bar indicates the t statistics (L = R)

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   FIG 6. Linear relationship between BOLD and isometric force at two different voxels for one subject. The linear BOLD signal changes with isometric applied force in some voxels. A and B, Positive (A) and negative (B) correlations were observed. Error bars indicate standard error in the mean over repeated sessions.