Heterogeneity of Cerebral Blood Flow in Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia
Takuya Yoshikawaa,
Kenya Muraseb,
Naohiko Okua,
Masao Imaizumic,
Masashi Takasawaa,
Piao Rishua,
Yasuyuki Kimuraa,
Yoshitaka Ikejirid,
Kazuo Kitagawaa,
Masatsugu Horia and
Jun Hatazawac
a Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
b Department of Allied Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
c Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
d Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
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FIG 2. A representative case from each group (same cases as in Fig 1). Upper images are T2-weighted MR images; lower images are SPECT images.
A, A 69-year-old woman with AD. T2-weighted MR image does not show any clear abnormality. SPECT image shows blood flow reduction in the bilateral temporoparietal lobes.
B, A 67-year-old man with VaD. Multiple small infarcts are observed in the bilateral basal ganglia on the T2-weighted MR image. A frontal region decrease of CBF is noted on the SPECT image.
C, A 70-year-old female age-matched control subject.
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FIG 3. Comparison of fractal dimensions among the AD, VaD, and control groups. Statistical analysis by the Mann-Whitney U test showed significant differences (*P < .0001) between the control group and the AD group, as well as between the control group and the VaD group. However, no significant difference (NS) was noted between the AD group and the VaD group
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FIG 4. A, Fractal dimensions in the AD group plotted for the anterior region and the posterior region. Statistical analysis with the Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that the fractal dimension was significantly greater (*P < .01) in the posterior region than the anterior region in the AD group. A/P ratio = 0.952.
B, Fractal dimensions in the VaD group plotted for the anterior region and the posterior region. Statistical analysis with the Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that the fractal dimension was significantly greater (*P < .01) in the anterior region than the posterior region in the VaD group. A/P ratio = 1.163
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indicates AD patient (y = -1.32x + 16.46; r = 0.994); 
indicates VaD patient (y = -1.112x + 15.71; r = 0.992); 
indicates age-matched control (y = -0.767x + 14.55; r = 0.996)