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AJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

Published ahead of print on September 28, 2007
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A0698

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Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging Reveals Persistent White Matter Alteration after Traumatic Brain Injury Experienced during Early Childhood

W. Yuan^a, S.K. Holland^a,b, V.J. Schmithorst^a,b, N.C. Walz^b, K.M. Cecil^a,b, B.V. Jones^a,b, P. Karunanayaka^a, L. Michaud^b and S.L. Wade^b

^a Departments of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
^b Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio

View larger version (21K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig 1. Color-coded FA map from a control participant. ROI include gCC, sCC, bCC, ALIC, PLIC, and IFO.

View larger version (73K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig 2. Z-score map for voxel-based FA group comparison. TBI versus control, nominal z = 6, cluster size = 20, corrected P < .001. Voxels in light blue color represent higher statistical significance that those in dark blue color. The position in z direction is also provided at the lower left corner in each section (in MNI space).

View larger version (26K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig 3. Group comparison of FA values between TBI and control participant, with sex difference controlled for, in (A) gCC; (B) right posterior limb of IC; (C) Fronto-occipital fasciculus; and (D) superior longitudinal fasciculus and other CS regions.

View larger version (47K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig 4. Composite z-score map demonstrating correlation between FA values and GCS scores in TBI group. The z value is calculated based on the R value from the corresponding pixel. Norminal z = 6, cluster size = 20, corrected P < .01. The voxels with significant correlation are coded with color and overlaid on an anatomic image. Some of these voxels are contiguous in space and represent specific WM structures. Four such groups of voxels are marked with rectangles in different colors. These 4 groups (clusters) are (blue) CC and IFO; (red) PLIC; (green) SFO and CS; and (yellow) SLF, SFO, and CS.

View larger version (30K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig 5. Linear regression of mean FA values adjusted for sex in various focal WM areas vs GCS score. Sex factor is used as covariate. Four subplots A through D correspond with 4 contiguous brain regions as marked with different colored rectangles in Fig 4.