Efficient Transmicrocatheter Delivery of Functional Fibroblasts with a Bioengineered Collagen Gel-Platinum Microcoil Complex: Toward the Development of Endovascular Cell Therapy for Cerebral Aneurysms
T. Abruzzoa,
T. Tunb and
A. Sambanisb
a Section of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
b School of Chemical Engineering and P.H. Parker Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Ga
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Fig 1. Dependency of collagen gel contraction on fibroblast attenuation and time. Collagen gel diameter measured at time point (Dm) plotted as percentage of the initial gel diameter (Di) over a 7-day period for cell carrier devices of varying initial fibroblast (cell) attenuation. Initial gel collagen concentration was 2 mg/mL for all cell carrier devices and control devices containing no cells. Each data point is an average of triplicate samples (except for cell attenuation of 2 x 107 cells/mL) (n = 2); error bars are SDs for each data series. Day 7: 107 cells/mL construct versus 106 cells/mL construct (P < .08); 107 cells/mL construct versus 105 cells/mL construct (P < .003); 107 cells/mL construct versus 2 x 107 cells/mL construct (P > .25) (printed with permission from the Mayfield Clinic).
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Fig 2. Effect of gel modifications on cell viability as determined by MTT assays. Remaining percentage of viable cells in modified cell carrier devices relative to control cell carrier devices (control) with result for each condition reported (average of triplicate experiments). Error bars indicate the SD for each triplicate series. Cell carrier devices are modified by exposure to the following: glut 0.3% (0.3% glutaraldehyde for 2 minutes); glut 1% (1% glutaraldehyde for 10 seconds); and ASC (ascorbate coculture) (printed with permission from the Mayfield Clinic).
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Fig 3. Fluorescence confocal micrographs of live and dead cell-stained control cell carrier devices. Images are argon-laser fluorescence confocal micrographs (original magnification x 20) of control cell carrier devices recovered after microcatheter transit (A) and those not passed through microcatheters (B) obtained after staining for live (green fluorescence) and dead cells (red fluorescence) (printed with permission from the Mayfield Clinic).
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Fig 4. Photomicrograph showing effect of control cell carrier device after microcatheter. Notice linear (arrows) and amorphous (arrowheads) surface irregularities (printed with permission from the Mayfield Clinic).
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Fig 5. Particulate matter released from cell carrier devices during microcatheter transit measured by the number of trypan blue staining particles per device (average of triplicate experiments). Error bars indicate the standard deviation for each triplicate series (printed with permission from the Mayfield Clinic).
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Fig 6. Regional cell migration from cell carrier devices (CCDs) after microcatheter transit. Photomicrographs of unmodified and modified CCDs recovered from microcatheter transit and incubated in culture medium for 3 days. Regional cell growth has reached confluence for control CCDs (A), and CCDs modified by ascorbate coculture (B) or extended CMGC (C). (printed with permission from the Mayfield Clinic).
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