AJDRAJNR - American Journal of Neuroradiology

Published ahead of print on August 7, 2008
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1223
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Disorders of Cortical Formation: MR Imaging Features

A.A.K. Abdel Razeka, A.Y. Kandella, L.G. Elsorogya, A. Elmongyb and A.A. Basettc

a Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
b Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
c Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt


Figure 1
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  		Fig 1. Microlissencephaly. A, Sagittal T1-weighted image shows no sulcation in the cerebrum, a hypoplastic cerebellum, and a small brain stem with Dandy-Walker syndrome. B, Axial T1-weighted image shows agyria of the cortex.


Figure 2
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  		Fig 2. Hemimegalencephaly. A and B, Coronal T2-weighted images show an enlarged left cerebral hemisphere, a dilated left lateral ventricle, and a thickened cerebral cortex. Courtesy of Dr R. Zimmerman, Philadelphia.


Figure 3
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  		Fig 3. Focal cortical dysplasia. A and B, Axial and coronal T2-weighted images show focal cortical thickening in the right frontal lobe. Courtesy of Dr R. Zimmerman, Philadelphia.


Figure 4
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  		Fig 4. Complete lissencephaly. Axial T2-weighted image shows complete absence of sulci with a thick cortex, a shallow Sylvian fissure, and a circumferential band of high signal intensity in the parietooccipital cortex.


Figure 5
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  		Fig 5. Cobblestone lissencephaly. A and B, Axial and coronal T2-weighted images show an irregular nodular cortex with hypomyelination of the white matter.


Figure 6
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  		Fig 6. WWS. A, Axial T2-weighted image shows a cobblestone cerebral cortex with hypomyelination of the white matter. B, Sagittal T1-weighted image shows hydrocephalus, an occipital encephalocele, a pontomedullary kink, and a small pons.


Figure 7
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  		Fig 7. MEB syndrome. A, Axial T2-weighted image shows undersulcation of the frontal lobe, hypomyelination of the frontal white matter, and dilated lateral ventricles. B, Axial T2-weighted image shows multiple small cerebellar cysts, with a small pons and bilateral temporal arachnoid cysts.


Figure 8
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  		Fig 8. PVH. A and B, Coronal T1-weighted images show a few small periventricular nodules, isointense to the gray matter, along the lateral ventricular wall.


Figure 9
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  		Fig 9. Curvilinear SCH. Axial T2-weighted MR image shows curvilinear heterotopias in the right cerebral hemisphere that are associated with its decrease in size.


Figure 10
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  		Fig 10. Mixed SCH. Axial T2-weighted MR image shows a large nodule adjacent to the lateral ventricle with a signal intensity similar to that of the gray matter and curvilinear convolutions in the superficial part.


Figure 11
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  		Fig 11. PMG. Axial T2-weighted image shows microgyria with normal cortical thickness that is associated with the high signal intensity of the white matter.


Figure 12
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  		Fig 12. Schizencephaly. A, Coronal T2-weighted image shows a closed-lip right-sided schizencephalic defect lined by pachygyria. (Courtesy of Dr R. Zimmerman, Philadelphia.) B, Coronal T2-weighted image shows a wide CSF-filled cleft connecting the left lateral ventricle with the subarachnoid space, which is lined with gray matter parenchyma.





Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X