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FIG 3. Color-coded areas (SPMt) of brain atrophy development in PPMS overlaid on a template T1-weighted image. A shows the involvement of the left middle occipital gyrus, bilateral parahippocampal gyri, and bilateral prepontine and quadrigeminal cisterns. B shows the involvement of the head of the left caudate nucleus, insula, and bilateral middle temporal gyrus. C shows the involvement of the bilateral central sulci (precentral and postcentral gyri) and regions of frontal and parietal cortex.