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Fig 3. Case 3. MR imaging taken 73 days after vertebroplasty (A–D) and conventional radiographs of lumbar spine (E and F) taken 86 days after vertebroplasty. Dense bone cement is found in the anterior and posterior aspects of the vertebral body (white arrows), epidural space (short arrow), and intervertebral foramen (arrows). The technical flaw of this vertebroplasty was use of the wrong needle and possibly drilling past the epidural space.
G, Arachnoid membrane shows active fibrosis and thickening (H&E stain).
H, Epidural soft tissue shows fat necrosis and focal chronic inflammatory cell infiltration (H&E stain).
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