American Journal of Neuroradiology 2008;29:326.
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American Journal of Neuroradiology
DOI 10.3174/ajnr.A0826
BRAIN
In Vivo Demonstration of Neuroinflammatory Molecule Expression in Brain Abscess with Diffusion Tensor Imaging
From the Departments of Radiodiagnosis (R.K.G., K.N., R.T.) and Microbiology (A.P., K.N.P.), Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Departments of Neurosurgery (M.H., C.S., P.K.) and Pathology (N.H.), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India; Department of Mathematics and Statistics (R.K.S.R.), Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, UP, India; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging (P.A.N.), University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Tex.
Please address correspondence to Rakesh K. Gupta, MD, MR Section, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India-226014; e-mail: rgupta{at}sgpgi.ac.in
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neuroinflammatory molecules, including tumor necrosis factor-
, interleukin1-ß, lymphocyte function associated molecule-1, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 contribute to the development of brain abscess. We hypothesized that the high fractional anisotropy (FA) in the brain abscess cavity reflects the upregulation of these neuroinflammatory molecules.
Materials and METHODS: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed in 24 patients with brain abscess and Staphylococcus aureus–treated as well as nontreated Jurket cell lines (at 4 time points: 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours). Neuroinflammatory molecules were quantified from the brain abscess cavity aspirate of the patients as well as from the heat-killed S aureus–treated and nontreated cell lines and correlated with DTI measures.
RESULTS: The DTI-derived FA strongly correlated with the presence of neuroinflammatory molecules in the pus as well as in S aureus–treated cell lines; no such correlation was observed in nontreated cell lines.
CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that neuroinflammatory molecules confer high diffusion anisotropy inside the brain abscess cavity. We propose that increased FA reflects upregulated inflammatory response in brain abscess.
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