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Research ArticleSPINE

Cervical Diskography: Analysis of Provoked Responses at C2–C3, C3–C4, and C4–C5

Kurt P. Schellhas, Timothy A. Garvey, Blake A. Johnson, Peter J. Rothbart and Steven R. Pollei
American Journal of Neuroradiology February 2000, 21 (2) 269-275;
Kurt P. Schellhas
aFrom the Center for Diagnostic Imaging, St. Louis Park, MN (K.P.S., B.A.J., S.R.P.); the Twin Cities Spine Center, Minneapolis, MN (T.A.G.); and the Rothbart Pain Clinic, North York, Ontario, Canada (P.J.R.).
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Timothy A. Garvey
aFrom the Center for Diagnostic Imaging, St. Louis Park, MN (K.P.S., B.A.J., S.R.P.); the Twin Cities Spine Center, Minneapolis, MN (T.A.G.); and the Rothbart Pain Clinic, North York, Ontario, Canada (P.J.R.).
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Blake A. Johnson
aFrom the Center for Diagnostic Imaging, St. Louis Park, MN (K.P.S., B.A.J., S.R.P.); the Twin Cities Spine Center, Minneapolis, MN (T.A.G.); and the Rothbart Pain Clinic, North York, Ontario, Canada (P.J.R.).
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Peter J. Rothbart
aFrom the Center for Diagnostic Imaging, St. Louis Park, MN (K.P.S., B.A.J., S.R.P.); the Twin Cities Spine Center, Minneapolis, MN (T.A.G.); and the Rothbart Pain Clinic, North York, Ontario, Canada (P.J.R.).
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Steven R. Pollei
aFrom the Center for Diagnostic Imaging, St. Louis Park, MN (K.P.S., B.A.J., S.R.P.); the Twin Cities Spine Center, Minneapolis, MN (T.A.G.); and the Rothbart Pain Clinic, North York, Ontario, Canada (P.J.R.).
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References

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    Barnsley L, Lord S, Bogduk N. Clinical review: whiplash injury. Pain 1994;58:283-307
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    Bogduk N. Innervation and pain patterns in the cervical spine. Clin Phys Ther 1988;17:1-13
  3. Bogduk N. The anatomy and pathophysiology of whiplash. Clin Biomech 1986;1:92-101
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  4. Bogduk N, Windsor M, Inglis A. The innervation of the cervical intervertebral discs. Spine 1988;13:2-8
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  5. Cloward RB. Cervical diskography: a contribution to the etiology and mechanism of neck, shoulder and arm pain. Ann Surg 1959;150:1052-1064
    PubMed
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    Schellhas KP, Smith MD, Gundry CR, Pollei SR. Cervical discogenic pain: prospective correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and discography in asymptomatic subjects and pain sufferers. Spine 1996;21:300-312
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  7. Bogduk N, Aprill C. On the nature of neck pain, discography, and cervical zygapophysial joint blocks. Pain 1993;54:213-217
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  8. Bogduk N, Marsland A. The cervical zygapophysial joints as a source of neck pain. Spine 1988;13:610-617
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  9. Dwyer A, Aprill C, Bogduk N. Cervical zygapophyseal joint pain patterns, I: a study in normal volunteers. Spine 1990;15:453-457
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  10. Fukui S, Ohseto K, Shiotani M, et al. Referred pain distribution of the cervical zygapophyseal joints and cervical dorsal rami. Pain 1996;68:79-83
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    Dreyfuss P, Michaelsen M, Fletcher D. Atlanto-occipital and lateral atlanto-axial joint pain patterns. Spine 1994;19:1125-1131
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    Oda J, Tanaka H, Tsuzuki N. Intervertebral disc changes with aging of human cervical vertebra from the neonate to the eighties. Spine 1988;13:1205
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  13. Mercur S, Bogduk N. The ligaments and annulus fibrosus of human adult cervical intervertebral discs. Spine 1999;24:619-624
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    Lord SM, Barnsley L, Wallis BJ, et al. Percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy for chronic cervical zygapophyseal joint pain. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1721-1726
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  15. McDonald GJ, Lord SM, Bogduk N. Long-term follow-up of patients treated with cervical radiofrequency neurotomy for chronic neck pain. Neurosurgery 1999; 45:61-68
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American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 21, Issue 2
1 Feb 2000
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Cervical Diskography: Analysis of Provoked Responses at C2–C3, C3–C4, and C4–C5
Kurt P. Schellhas, Timothy A. Garvey, Blake A. Johnson, Peter J. Rothbart, Steven R. Pollei
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2000, 21 (2) 269-275;

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Cervical Diskography: Analysis of Provoked Responses at C2–C3, C3–C4, and C4–C5
Kurt P. Schellhas, Timothy A. Garvey, Blake A. Johnson, Peter J. Rothbart, Steven R. Pollei
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2000, 21 (2) 269-275;
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