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Research ArticleBRAIN

Normal Structures in the Intracranial Dural Sinuses: Delineation with 3D Contrast-enhanced Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition Gradient-Echo Imaging Sequence

Luxia Liang, Yukunori Korogi, Takeshi Sugahara, Ichiro Ikushima, Yoshinori Shigematsu, Mutsumasa Takahashi and James M. Provenzale
American Journal of Neuroradiology November 2002, 23 (10) 1739-1746;
Luxia Liang
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Yukunori Korogi
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Takeshi Sugahara
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Ichiro Ikushima
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Yoshinori Shigematsu
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Mutsumasa Takahashi
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James M. Provenzale
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of dural sinus thrombosis include the presence of arachnoid granulations, intrasinus fibrotic bands (so-called septa), and hypoplasia or aplasia of the dural sinuses. The purpose of this study was to assess the appearance, distribution, and prevalence of arachnoid granulations and septa in the dural sinuses by using a high resolution 3D contrast-enhanced magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo (MPRAGE) imaging sequence.

METHODS: Conventional MR images and contrast-enhanced MPRAGE images of 100 consecutive patients who had no abnormalities of the dural sinuses were retrospectively reviewed. The incidence, site, number, size, signal intensity, and shape of arachnoid granulations and septa within the sinuses and their relationship with adjacent veins were recorded.

RESULTS: With 3D contrast-enhanced MPRAGE imaging, 433 round, oval, or lobulated focal filling defects were found in a total of 90 patients. Curvilinear septa were observed in 92 patients. Sixty-nine patients had round, oval, or lobulated defects in the transverse sinus, 59 had such defects in the superior sagittal sinus, and 47 had such defects in the straight sinus. All except two of the above defects were isointense relative to CSF on all images. These structures were presumed to be arachnoid granulations. Of 431 arachnoid granulations, 233 (53.8%) were located in the superior sagittal sinus, 122 (28.1%) in the transverse sinus, and 76 (17.6%) in the straight sinus. One or more veins were seen to enter arachnoid granulations in 414 (96%) instances.

CONCLUSION: The contrast-enhanced 3D MPRAGE imaging sequence showed a much higher prevalence and a different distribution of arachnoid granulations and septa within dural sinuses than have been observed in previous radiologic studies. Arachnoid granulations were closely related spatially to veins.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 23 (10)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 23, Issue 10
1 Nov 2002
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Normal Structures in the Intracranial Dural Sinuses: Delineation with 3D Contrast-enhanced Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition Gradient-Echo Imaging Sequence
Luxia Liang, Yukunori Korogi, Takeshi Sugahara, Ichiro Ikushima, Yoshinori Shigematsu, Mutsumasa Takahashi, James M. Provenzale
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2002, 23 (10) 1739-1746;

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Normal Structures in the Intracranial Dural Sinuses: Delineation with 3D Contrast-enhanced Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition Gradient-Echo Imaging Sequence
Luxia Liang, Yukunori Korogi, Takeshi Sugahara, Ichiro Ikushima, Yoshinori Shigematsu, Mutsumasa Takahashi, James M. Provenzale
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2002, 23 (10) 1739-1746;
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  • Early Detection and Quantification of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis by Magnetic Resonance Black-Blood Thrombus Imaging
  • Cranial Arachnoid Protrusions and Contiguous Diploic Veins in CSF Drainage
  • Dural sinus filling defect: intrasigmoid encephalocele
  • Unilateral Hypoplasia of the Rostral End of the Superior Sagittal Sinus
  • Diagnosis and Management of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
  • "Giant" Arachnoid Granulations Just Like CSF?: NOT!!
  • 3D High-Spatial-Resolution Cerebral MR Venography at 3T: A Contrast-Dose-Reduction Study
  • Molecular MRI of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Using a New Fibrin-Specific MR Contrast Agent
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