Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Axial FA (A) and MD (B) images of a control subject at the level of the basal ganglia.
- Fig 2.
A, A glass brain showing significant clusters of reduced FA in patients with PD compared with control subjects as viewed from the right (upper left), front (upper right), and above (lower left). SPM display is according to radiologic convention (right-to-left orientation). B, The statistical map is superimposed on the normalized average FA image. The images are in MNI space. Color bar indicates z-score. Clusters were considered significant at P < .05, corrected for multiple comparisons.
Tables
Group (No.) Sex (M/F) Age (yr) Disease Duration (yr) HY HY UPDRS UPDRS MMSE Mean (SD) Mean (SD) (ON) (OFF) (ON) (OFF) (ON) PD (12) 5/7 62.1 (12.7) 5.8 (4.5) 1.8 (0.4)* 1.9 (0.6) 43 (13.8)a 53.3 (22.1) 28.2 Controls (13) 8/5 58.0 (7.3) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 28.8 Note:—NA indicates data not available; M, male; F, female; HY, Hoehn and Yahr clinical staging; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; ON, taking medication as normal; OFF, cessation of medication.
* Levodopa equivalent dosage = 585.2 ± 509.8 mg.
PD Versus Controls Hemisphere Brodmann Area MNI Coordinates Z-Score x y z Medial frontal cortex SMA L 6 −4 14 46 3.3 Pre-SMA R 8 4 26 52 2.79 R 6 6 18 60 2.83 Rostral medial frontal gyrus R 9 6 46 36 2.97 Cingulate cortex Anterior cingulate gyrus 24 0 −6 46 4.12 L 24 −6 34 46 3.41 32 0 14 38 3.00 L 32 −8 26 28 3.11 Rostral cingulate gyrus R 24 10 30 18 3.00 L 32 −8 44 2 2.82 L 9 −8 46 22 3.18 Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Superior frontal gyrus R 9 18 44 32 4.14 Middle frontal gyrus R 46 28 42 14 3.50 Inferior frontal gyrus R 46 42 34 6 2.93 Frontal pole Middle frontal gyrus R 10 20 46 10 3.17 L 10 −28 42 8 3.06 WM bundles Superior longitudinal fasciculus R 30 26 16 3.09 Corpus callosum L −16 34 10 3.02 Note:—SMA indicates supplementary motor area; MNI, Montreal Neurologic Institute.
* All significant maxima were part of a single large cluster, including 3927 voxels.
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