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Research ArticleFunctional
Open Access

Alterations of Directional Connectivity among Resting-State Networks in Alzheimer Disease

R. Li, X. Wu, K. Chen, A.S. Fleisher, E.M. Reiman and L. Yao
American Journal of Neuroradiology February 2013, 34 (2) 340-345; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3197
R. Li
aFrom the Center on Aging Psychology (R.L.), Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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X. Wu
bState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning (X.W., L.Y.)
cSchool of Information Science and Technology (X.W., L.Y.), Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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K. Chen
dBanner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center (K.C., A.S.F., E.M.R.), Phoenix, Arizona
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A.S. Fleisher
dBanner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center (K.C., A.S.F., E.M.R.), Phoenix, Arizona
eDepartment of Neuroscience (A.S.F.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California.
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E.M. Reiman
dBanner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center (K.C., A.S.F., E.M.R.), Phoenix, Arizona
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L. Yao
bState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning (X.W., L.Y.)
cSchool of Information Science and Technology (X.W., L.Y.), Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Article Figures & Data

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  • Fig 1.
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    Fig 1.

    Spatial maps of 8 RSNs in NC (upper panel) and AD (lower panel). A–H, Respectively, the networks for LVN, MVN, AN, SMN, SRN, DAN, VAN, and DMN. Each map was the result of a 1-sample t test on the individual independent component patterns (P < .05, corrected by false discovery rate).

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    Fig 2.

    BN-based connectivity between RSNs in NC (A), and AD (B). The RSNs are graphically represented with connections depicting conditional dependencies. All the connections in the maps survived significance testing (P < .05). Solid and dashed arcs are, respectively, for positive and negative connections. Line width is proportional to the connection weights. The asterisks on connections indicate that the connections in NC are significantly stronger than those in AD, while the pound sign points out the opposite case (permutation test, P < .05).

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    Fig 3.

    Scatterplots of the DMN index. The circles show the DMN index of individual subjects. The histogram and the error bar show the within-group mean value and SD. A declining line between the 2 histograms indicates a significantly decreased degree of integration with the DMN in AD.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    List of direct connections in the BN models of NC and ADa

    ConnectionsNCAD
    Weights(T, P) ValuesWeights(T, P) Values
    I
        LVN→MVN1.09(11.7, <.0001)1.16(11.9, <.0001)
        AN→SMN0.84(12.6, <.0001)0.84(10.9, <.0001)
        AN→VAN−0.34(−4.6, <.0001)0.69(6.9, <.0001)
        SMN→LVN0.15(7.1, <.0001)0.52(5.8, <.0001)
        VAN→DMN0.47(3.1, .0022)0.40(4.6, <.0001)
    II
        MVN→DMN0.31(2.1, .0370)
        SMN→SRNb0.78(5.4, <.0001)
        SRN→VANb1.25(13.8, <.0001)
        VAN→DANb1.08(11.4, <.0001)
    III
        SMN→VAN0.28(3.1, .0022)
        SRN→DMN0.46(7.2, <.0001)
        DMN→LVN0.98(7.2, <.0001)
        DMN→DANc0.81(9.2, <.0001)
        VAN→SRN0.63(6.6, <.0001)
        VAN→LVN−1.03(−9.2, <.0001)
    • ↵a Row I shows that connections coexisted in both groups. Rows II and III show, respectively, the connections in NC and AD. All the connections listed in the Table survived the statistical testing (P < .05).

    • ↵b The connection in NC is significantly stronger than that in AD.

    • ↵c The connection in AD is significantly stronger than that in NC.

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    Table 2:

    Results of between-group comparison of RSN interconnectivity determined by the permutation testa

    NC > ADAD > NC
    Connections in NCType I ErrorConnections in ADType I Error
    LVN→MVN0.575LVN→MVN0.425
    AN→SMN0.512AN→SMN0.488
    AN→VAN0.868AN→VAN0.132
    SMN→LVN0.188SMN→LVN0.812
    VAN→DMN0.089VAN→DMN0.911
    MVN→DMN0.061SMN→VAN0.104
    SMN→SRN0.043SRN→DMN0.502
    SRN→VAN0.022DMN→LVN0.056
    VAN→DAN0.029DMN→DAN0.021
    VAN→SRN0.842
    VAN→LVN0.882
    • ↵a The column “NC > AD” shows the type I error probabilities of the connections in NC group that are stronger than the ones in AD group. The column “AD > NC” shows the contrary case.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 34 (2)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 34, Issue 2
1 Feb 2013
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Alterations of Directional Connectivity among Resting-State Networks in Alzheimer Disease
R. Li, X. Wu, K. Chen, A.S. Fleisher, E.M. Reiman, L. Yao
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2013, 34 (2) 340-345; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3197

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Alterations of Directional Connectivity among Resting-State Networks in Alzheimer Disease
R. Li, X. Wu, K. Chen, A.S. Fleisher, E.M. Reiman, L. Yao
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2013, 34 (2) 340-345; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3197
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