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Index by author

March 01, 2020; Volume 41,Issue 3
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E
  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • Q
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • X
  • Y
  • Z

A

  1. Aggarwal, A.

    1. Patient Safety
      You have access
      Reduction of Radiation Dose and Scanning Time While Preserving Diagnostic Yield: A Comparison of Battery-Powered and Manual Bone Biopsy Systems
      S. Kihira, C. Koo, A. Lee, A. Aggarwal, P. Pawha and A. Doshi
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 387-392; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6428
  2. Ai, Q.-Y.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  3. Akamatsu, Y.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Implications of the Collar Sign in Incompletely Occluded Aneurysms after Pipeline Embolization Device Implantation: A Follow-Up Study
      S. Gomez-Paz, Y. Akamatsu, J.M. Moore, C.S. Ogilvy, A.J. Thomas and C.J. Griessenauer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 482-485; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6415
  4. Alberich, M.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  5. Almeida, L.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  6. Amirabadi, A.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Fractional Flow on TOF-MRA as a Measure of Stroke Risk in Children with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis
      A.Y. Ibrahim, A. Amirabadi, M.M. Shroff, N. Dlamini, P. Dirks and P. Muthusami
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 535-541; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6441
  7. Anderson, J.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBEditorial
      You have access
      Neuroradiology Fellowship Requirements: Updates in 2019
      T.A. Kennedy and J. Anderson
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 370-372; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6450

      Notable changes made since the prior requirements were last revised in 2007 primarily affect the number of required procedures, the academic support defined for the program director, and modifications to the curriculum. The new requirements allow fellows to fulfill the foundational expectations for the neuroradiology fellowship and encourage programs to maintain some flexibility to teach individual specialty areas of clinical excellence.

  8. Andre, J.B.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      Correction of Motion Artifacts Using a Multiscale Fully Convolutional Neural Network
      K. Sommer, A. Saalbach, T. Brosch, C. Hall, N.M. Cross and J.B. Andre
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 416-423; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6436

      The authors implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. Application of the network resulted in notably improved image quality without the loss of morphologic information. For synthetic test data, the average reduction in mean squared error was 41.84%. The blinded reader study on the real-world test data resulted in significant reduction in mean artifact scores across all cases.

  9. Andronikou, S.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438
  10. Argyropoulou, M.I.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438
  11. Asemani, D.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431
  12. Astrakas, L.G.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438
  13. Auger, C.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  14. Aviv, R.I.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Reduced Global Efficiency and Random Network Features in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment
      R. Hawkins, A.S. Shatil, L. Lee, A. Sengupta, L. Zhang, S. Morrow and R.I. Aviv
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 449-455; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6435

B

  1. Baek, H.J.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  2. Bala, F.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  3. Baladandayuthapani, V.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  4. Baradaran, H.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      Open Access
      Carotid Vessel Wall Imaging on CTA
      H. Baradaran and A. Gupta
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 380-386; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6403
  5. Baumann, Marlene Julie

    1. You have access
      Perspectives
      Marlene Julie Baumann
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 369; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.P0105
  6. Baxter, L.C.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  7. Becker, J.L.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  8. Bendok, B.R.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  9. Berlis, A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  10. Blackham, K.A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  11. Blom, H.M.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  12. Bloomberg, J.J.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431
  13. Bommeljé, C.C.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  14. Bouillot, P.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  15. Boxerman, J.L.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  16. Brehm, A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  17. Bretzner, M.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  18. Bricout, N.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  19. Brina, O.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  20. Brosch, T.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      Correction of Motion Artifacts Using a Multiscale Fully Convolutional Neural Network
      K. Sommer, A. Saalbach, T. Brosch, C. Hall, N.M. Cross and J.B. Andre
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 416-423; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6436

      The authors implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. Application of the network resulted in notably improved image quality without the loss of morphologic information. For synthetic test data, the average reduction in mean squared error was 41.84%. The blinded reader study on the real-world test data resulted in significant reduction in mean artifact scores across all cases.

  21. Brown, T.R.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431
  22. Burns, M.R.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429

C

  1. Calandri, I.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      SWAN-Venule: An Optimized MRI Technique to Detect the Central Vein Sign in MS Plaques
      M.I. Gaitán, P. Yañez, M.E. Paday Formenti, I. Calandri, E. Figueiredo, P. Sati and J. Correale
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 456-460; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6437

      Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility-based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients' brains. However, a lower proportion ∼50% has been reported at 3T using SWAN. The authors' aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the central vein sign. Thirty subjects with MS were scanned on a 3T clinical MR imaging system. 3D T2-weighted FLAIR and optimized 3D SWAN, called SWAN-venule, were acquired after injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Overall, the central vein sign was detected in 86% of the white matter lesions (periventricular, 89%; deep white matter, 95%; and juxtacortical, 78%). The SWAN-venule technique is an optimized MR imaging sequence for highly sensitive detection of the central vein sign in MS brain lesions.

  2. Chan, A.T.C.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  3. Chan, K.C.A.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  4. Charbel, M.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  5. Chiu, R.W.K.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  6. Choi, B.H.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  7. Cianfoni, A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  8. Correale, J.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      SWAN-Venule: An Optimized MRI Technique to Detect the Central Vein Sign in MS Plaques
      M.I. Gaitán, P. Yañez, M.E. Paday Formenti, I. Calandri, E. Figueiredo, P. Sati and J. Correale
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 456-460; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6437

      Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility-based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients' brains. However, a lower proportion ∼50% has been reported at 3T using SWAN. The authors' aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the central vein sign. Thirty subjects with MS were scanned on a 3T clinical MR imaging system. 3D T2-weighted FLAIR and optimized 3D SWAN, called SWAN-venule, were acquired after injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Overall, the central vein sign was detected in 86% of the white matter lesions (periventricular, 89%; deep white matter, 95%; and juxtacortical, 78%). The SWAN-venule technique is an optimized MR imaging sequence for highly sensitive detection of the central vein sign in MS brain lesions.

  9. Cosottini, M.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      R. Guerrini, F. Giordano and M. Cosottini
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E12; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6490
  10. Cross, N.M.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      Correction of Motion Artifacts Using a Multiscale Fully Convolutional Neural Network
      K. Sommer, A. Saalbach, T. Brosch, C. Hall, N.M. Cross and J.B. Andre
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 416-423; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6436

      The authors implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. Application of the network resulted in notably improved image quality without the loss of morphologic information. For synthetic test data, the average reduction in mean squared error was 41.84%. The blinded reader study on the real-world test data resulted in significant reduction in mean artifact scores across all cases.

D

  1. Dargis, D.M.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  2. de Borst, G.J.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442
  3. De Deyn, P.P.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      The Possible Role of Elastic Properties of the Brain and Optic Nerve Sheath in the Development of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
      P. Wostyn, T.H. Mader, C.R. Gibson, F.L. Wuyts, A. Van Ombergen, P. zu Eulenburg and P.P. De Deyn
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E14-E15; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6430
  4. Delattre, B.M.A.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  5. Demerath, T.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  6. de Pont, L.M.H.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  7. Dirks, P.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Fractional Flow on TOF-MRA as a Measure of Stroke Risk in Children with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis
      A.Y. Ibrahim, A. Amirabadi, M.M. Shroff, N. Dlamini, P. Dirks and P. Muthusami
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 535-541; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6441
  8. Dlamini, N.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Fractional Flow on TOF-MRA as a Measure of Stroke Risk in Children with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis
      A.Y. Ibrahim, A. Amirabadi, M.M. Shroff, N. Dlamini, P. Dirks and P. Muthusami
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 535-541; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6441
  9. Dobrocky, T.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  10. Doshi, A.

    1. Patient Safety
      You have access
      Reduction of Radiation Dose and Scanning Time While Preserving Diagnostic Yield: A Comparison of Battery-Powered and Manual Bone Biopsy Systems
      S. Kihira, C. Koo, A. Lee, A. Aggarwal, P. Pawha and A. Doshi
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 387-392; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6428
  11. Drougia, A.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438

E

  1. Echeverry, N.B.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  2. Eckert, M.A.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431
  3. Eisinger, R.S.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  4. Elsheikh, S.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Contrast Enhancement of Intracranial Aneurysms on 3T 3D Black-Blood MRI and Its Relationship to Aneurysm Recurrence following Endovascular Treatment
      S. Elsheikh, H. Urbach and S. Meckel
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 495-500; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6440
  5. Enblad, P.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      High Intravascular Signal Arterial Transit Time Artifacts Have Negligible Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Reserve Capacity Measurement Using Single Postlabel Delay Arterial Spin-Labeling in Patients with Moyamoya Disease
      M. Fahlström, A. Lewén, P. Enblad, E.-M. Larsson and J. Wikström
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 430-436; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6411
  6. Eschbacher, J.M.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

F

  1. Fahlström, M.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      High Intravascular Signal Arterial Transit Time Artifacts Have Negligible Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Reserve Capacity Measurement Using Single Postlabel Delay Arterial Spin-Labeling in Patients with Moyamoya Disease
      M. Fahlström, A. Lewén, P. Enblad, E.-M. Larsson and J. Wikström
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 430-436; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6411
  2. Figueiredo, E.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      SWAN-Venule: An Optimized MRI Technique to Detect the Central Vein Sign in MS Plaques
      M.I. Gaitán, P. Yañez, M.E. Paday Formenti, I. Calandri, E. Figueiredo, P. Sati and J. Correale
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 456-460; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6437

      Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility-based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients' brains. However, a lower proportion ∼50% has been reported at 3T using SWAN. The authors' aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the central vein sign. Thirty subjects with MS were scanned on a 3T clinical MR imaging system. 3D T2-weighted FLAIR and optimized 3D SWAN, called SWAN-venule, were acquired after injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Overall, the central vein sign was detected in 86% of the white matter lesions (periventricular, 89%; deep white matter, 95%; and juxtacortical, 78%). The SWAN-venule technique is an optimized MR imaging sequence for highly sensitive detection of the central vein sign in MS brain lesions.

  3. Finsterer, J.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Stroke-like Episodes in m.3243A≥G Carriers Need to Be Monitored by MRI Starting with the Onset of Clinical Manifestations
      J. Finsterer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E17-E18; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6418
  4. Fischer, S.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  5. Foote, K.D.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  6. Fuentes, D.T.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  7. Fuller, G.N.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405

G

  1. Gaitán, M.I.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      SWAN-Venule: An Optimized MRI Technique to Detect the Central Vein Sign in MS Plaques
      M.I. Gaitán, P. Yañez, M.E. Paday Formenti, I. Calandri, E. Figueiredo, P. Sati and J. Correale
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 456-460; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6437

      Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility-based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients' brains. However, a lower proportion ∼50% has been reported at 3T using SWAN. The authors' aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the central vein sign. Thirty subjects with MS were scanned on a 3T clinical MR imaging system. 3D T2-weighted FLAIR and optimized 3D SWAN, called SWAN-venule, were acquired after injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Overall, the central vein sign was detected in 86% of the white matter lesions (periventricular, 89%; deep white matter, 95%; and juxtacortical, 78%). The SWAN-venule technique is an optimized MR imaging sequence for highly sensitive detection of the central vein sign in MS brain lesions.

  2. Garcia-Vidal, A.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  3. Gates, E.D.H.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  4. George, M.S.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431
  5. Giapros, V.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438
  6. Gibson, C.R.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      The Possible Role of Elastic Properties of the Brain and Optic Nerve Sheath in the Development of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
      P. Wostyn, T.H. Mader, C.R. Gibson, F.L. Wuyts, A. Van Ombergen, P. zu Eulenburg and P.P. De Deyn
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E14-E15; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6430
  7. Gifford, S.E.

    1. Spine
      You have access
      Lumbar Puncture: Creation and Resident Acceptance of a Low-Cost, Durable, Reusable Fluoroscopic Phantom with a Fluid-Filled Spinal Canal for Training at an Academic Program
      D.J. Lerner, S.E. Gifford, N. Olafsen, A. Mileto and E. Soloff
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 548-550; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6439
  8. Giordano, F.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      R. Guerrini, F. Giordano and M. Cosottini
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E12; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6490
  9. Goel, I.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438
  10. Gomez-Paz, S.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Implications of the Collar Sign in Incompletely Occluded Aneurysms after Pipeline Embolization Device Implantation: A Follow-Up Study
      S. Gomez-Paz, Y. Akamatsu, J.M. Moore, C.S. Ogilvy, A.J. Thomas and C.J. Griessenauer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 482-485; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6415
  11. Gonzales, A.C.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  12. Gory, B.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  13. Gralla, J.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  14. Grewal, S.S.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  15. Griessenauer, C.J.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Implications of the Collar Sign in Incompletely Occluded Aneurysms after Pipeline Embolization Device Implantation: A Follow-Up Study
      S. Gomez-Paz, Y. Akamatsu, J.M. Moore, C.S. Ogilvy, A.J. Thomas and C.J. Griessenauer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 482-485; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6415
  16. Guerrero, M.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  17. Guerrini, R.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      R. Guerrini, F. Giordano and M. Cosottini
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E12; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6490
  18. Guillaud, O.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  19. Gupta, A.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      Open Access
      Carotid Vessel Wall Imaging on CTA
      H. Baradaran and A. Gupta
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 380-386; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6403

H

  1. Ha, J.Y.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  2. Hacein-Bey, L.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  3. Hall, C.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      Correction of Motion Artifacts Using a Multiscale Fully Convolutional Neural Network
      K. Sommer, A. Saalbach, T. Brosch, C. Hall, N.M. Cross and J.B. Andre
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 416-423; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6436

      The authors implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. Application of the network resulted in notably improved image quality without the loss of morphologic information. For synthetic test data, the average reduction in mean squared error was 41.84%. The blinded reader study on the real-world test data resulted in significant reduction in mean artifact scores across all cases.

  4. Hamilton, J.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  5. Hammer, S.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  6. Hao, Q.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Vessel Wall MRI Enhancement in Noninflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
      Q. Hao, N.M. Tsankova, H. Shoirah, C.P. Kellner and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 446-448; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6445
  7. Hawkins, R.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Reduced Global Efficiency and Random Network Features in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment
      R. Hawkins, A.S. Shatil, L. Lee, A. Sengupta, L. Zhang, S. Morrow and R.I. Aviv
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 449-455; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6435
  8. Hazle, J.D.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  9. Hendrikse, J.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442
  10. Hodel, J.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  11. Hoxworth, J.M.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  12. Hu, B.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  13. Hu, L.S.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  14. Hui, E.P.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  15. Hwang, M.J.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427

I

  1. Ibrahim, A.Y.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Fractional Flow on TOF-MRA as a Measure of Stroke Risk in Children with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis
      A.Y. Ibrahim, A. Amirabadi, M.M. Shroff, N. Dlamini, P. Dirks and P. Muthusami
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 535-541; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6441
  2. Inglesby, D.C.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431

J

  1. Jin, L.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  2. Joachimski, F.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  3. Johnson, K.J.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  4. Jorritsma, N.K.N.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442

K

  1. Kanal, E.

    1. Patient Safety
      Open Access
      Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis Risk Assessment and Skin Biopsy Quantification in Patients with Renal Disease following Gadobenate Contrast Administration
      E. Kanal, T.J. Patton, I. Krefting and C. Wang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 393-399; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6448
  2. Kellner, C.P.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Vessel Wall MRI Enhancement in Noninflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
      Q. Hao, N.M. Tsankova, H. Shoirah, C.P. Kellner and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 446-448; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6445
  3. Kennedy, T.A.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBEditorial
      You have access
      Neuroradiology Fellowship Requirements: Updates in 2019
      T.A. Kennedy and J. Anderson
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 370-372; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6450

      Notable changes made since the prior requirements were last revised in 2007 primarily affect the number of required procedures, the academic support defined for the program director, and modifications to the curriculum. The new requirements allow fellows to fulfill the foundational expectations for the neuroradiology fellowship and encourage programs to maintain some flexibility to teach individual specialty areas of clinical excellence.

  4. Kihira, S.

    1. Patient Safety
      You have access
      Reduction of Radiation Dose and Scanning Time While Preserving Diagnostic Yield: A Comparison of Battery-Powered and Manual Bone Biopsy Systems
      S. Kihira, C. Koo, A. Lee, A. Aggarwal, P. Pawha and A. Doshi
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 387-392; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6428
  5. Kim, T.B.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  6. King, A.D.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  7. Klein, R.R.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  8. Koo, C.

    1. Patient Safety
      You have access
      Reduction of Radiation Dose and Scanning Time While Preserving Diagnostic Yield: A Comparison of Battery-Powered and Manual Bone Biopsy Systems
      S. Kihira, C. Koo, A. Lee, A. Aggarwal, P. Pawha and A. Doshi
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 387-392; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6428
  9. Koopman, J.P.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  10. Krefting, I.

    1. Patient Safety
      Open Access
      Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis Risk Assessment and Skin Biopsy Quantification in Patients with Renal Disease following Gadobenate Contrast Administration
      E. Kanal, T.J. Patton, I. Krefting and C. Wang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 393-399; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6448
  11. Krishna, C.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  12. Kuchcinski, G.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404

L

  1. Lam, W.K.J.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  2. Larsson, E.-M.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      High Intravascular Signal Arterial Transit Time Artifacts Have Negligible Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Reserve Capacity Measurement Using Single Postlabel Delay Arterial Spin-Labeling in Patients with Moyamoya Disease
      M. Fahlström, A. Lewén, P. Enblad, E.-M. Larsson and J. Wikström
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 430-436; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6411
  3. Leclerc, X.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  4. Lee, A.

    1. Patient Safety
      You have access
      Reduction of Radiation Dose and Scanning Time While Preserving Diagnostic Yield: A Comparison of Battery-Powered and Manual Bone Biopsy Systems
      S. Kihira, C. Koo, A. Lee, A. Aggarwal, P. Pawha and A. Doshi
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 387-392; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6428
  5. Lee, L.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Reduced Global Efficiency and Random Network Features in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment
      R. Hawkins, A.S. Shatil, L. Lee, A. Sengupta, L. Zhang, S. Morrow and R.I. Aviv
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 449-455; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6435
  6. Leiner, T.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442
  7. Leon, G.D.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  8. Lerner, D.J.

    1. Spine
      You have access
      Lumbar Puncture: Creation and Resident Acceptance of a Low-Cost, Durable, Reusable Fluoroscopic Phantom with a Fluid-Filled Spinal Canal for Training at an Academic Program
      D.J. Lerner, S.E. Gifford, N. Olafsen, A. Mileto and E. Soloff
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 548-550; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6439
  9. Lewén, A.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      High Intravascular Signal Arterial Transit Time Artifacts Have Negligible Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Reserve Capacity Measurement Using Single Postlabel Delay Arterial Spin-Labeling in Patients with Moyamoya Disease
      M. Fahlström, A. Lewén, P. Enblad, E.-M. Larsson and J. Wikström
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 430-436; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6411
  10. Li, X.L.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  11. Li, Z.F.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  12. Lin, J.S.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  13. Liu, J.M.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  14. Lo, Y.M.D.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  15. Lövblad, K.-O.

    1. LETTER
      Open Access
      Time to Refocus the Target in Stroke Therapy Again?
      K.-O. Lövblad
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E13; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6416
  16. Lövblad, K.O.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  17. Lu, C.-Q.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  18. Lu, G.M.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468

M

  1. Ma, B.B.Y.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  2. Machi, P.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  3. MacKinnon, G.A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  4. Mader, T.H.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      The Possible Role of Elastic Properties of the Brain and Optic Nerve Sheath in the Development of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
      P. Wostyn, T.H. Mader, C.R. Gibson, F.L. Wuyts, A. Van Ombergen, P. zu Eulenburg and P.P. De Deyn
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E14-E15; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6430
  5. Mantripragada, K.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  6. Maurer, C.J.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  7. Mazza, G.L.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  8. Meckel, S.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Contrast Enhancement of Intracranial Aneurysms on 3T 3D Black-Blood MRI and Its Relationship to Aneurysm Recurrence following Endovascular Treatment
      S. Elsheikh, H. Urbach and S. Meckel
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 495-500; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6440
  9. Middlebrooks, E.H.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  10. Mileto, A.

    1. Spine
      You have access
      Lumbar Puncture: Creation and Resident Acceptance of a Low-Cost, Durable, Reusable Fluoroscopic Phantom with a Fluid-Filled Spinal Canal for Training at an Academic Program
      D.J. Lerner, S.E. Gifford, N. Olafsen, A. Mileto and E. Soloff
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 548-550; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6439
  11. Mo, F.K.F.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  12. Möhlenbruch, M.A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  13. Montalban, X.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  14. Moon, J.I.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  15. Moore, J.M.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Implications of the Collar Sign in Incompletely Occluded Aneurysms after Pipeline Embolization Device Implantation: A Follow-Up Study
      S. Gomez-Paz, Y. Akamatsu, J.M. Moore, C.S. Ogilvy, A.J. Thomas and C.J. Griessenauer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 482-485; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6415
  16. Moran, Christopher J.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      The Collar Sign in Pipeline Embolization Device–Treated Aneurysms
      Christopher J. Moran
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 486-487; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6465
  17. Morrow, S.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Reduced Global Efficiency and Random Network Features in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment
      R. Hawkins, A.S. Shatil, L. Lee, A. Sengupta, L. Zhang, S. Morrow and R.I. Aviv
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 449-455; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6435
  18. Mouka, V.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438
  19. Mrugala, M.M.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  20. Muthusami, P.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Fractional Flow on TOF-MRA as a Measure of Stroke Risk in Children with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis
      A.Y. Ibrahim, A. Amirabadi, M.M. Shroff, N. Dlamini, P. Dirks and P. Muthusami
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 535-541; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6441

N

  1. Nael, K.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Vessel Wall MRI Enhancement in Noninflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
      Q. Hao, N.M. Tsankova, H. Shoirah, C.P. Kellner and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 446-448; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6445
    2. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  2. Neuberger, U.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  3. Ni, Q.Q.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  4. Nietert, P.J.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431

O

  1. Ogilvy, C.S.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Implications of the Collar Sign in Incompletely Occluded Aneurysms after Pipeline Embolization Device Implantation: A Follow-Up Study
      S. Gomez-Paz, Y. Akamatsu, J.M. Moore, C.S. Ogilvy, A.J. Thomas and C.J. Griessenauer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 482-485; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6415
  2. Okromelidze, L.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  3. Okun, M.S.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  4. Olafsen, N.

    1. Spine
      You have access
      Lumbar Puncture: Creation and Resident Acceptance of a Low-Cost, Durable, Reusable Fluoroscopic Phantom with a Fluid-Filled Spinal Canal for Training at an Academic Program
      D.J. Lerner, S.E. Gifford, N. Olafsen, A. Mileto and E. Soloff
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 548-550; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6439
  5. Outteryck, O.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  6. Owen, R.P.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

P

  1. Paday Formenti, M.E.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      SWAN-Venule: An Optimized MRI Technique to Detect the Central Vein Sign in MS Plaques
      M.I. Gaitán, P. Yañez, M.E. Paday Formenti, I. Calandri, E. Figueiredo, P. Sati and J. Correale
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 456-460; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6437

      Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility-based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients' brains. However, a lower proportion ∼50% has been reported at 3T using SWAN. The authors' aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the central vein sign. Thirty subjects with MS were scanned on a 3T clinical MR imaging system. 3D T2-weighted FLAIR and optimized 3D SWAN, called SWAN-venule, were acquired after injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Overall, the central vein sign was detected in 86% of the white matter lesions (periventricular, 89%; deep white matter, 95%; and juxtacortical, 78%). The SWAN-venule technique is an optimized MR imaging sequence for highly sensitive detection of the central vein sign in MS brain lesions.

  2. Pan, C.W.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  3. Pareto, D.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  4. Park, S.E.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  5. Patel, V.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  6. Patra, D.P.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  7. Patton, T.J.

    1. Patient Safety
      Open Access
      Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis Risk Assessment and Skin Biopsy Quantification in Patients with Renal Disease following Gadobenate Contrast Administration
      E. Kanal, T.J. Patton, I. Krefting and C. Wang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 393-399; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6448
  8. Pawha, P.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

    2. Patient Safety
      You have access
      Reduction of Radiation Dose and Scanning Time While Preserving Diagnostic Yield: A Comparison of Battery-Powered and Manual Bone Biopsy Systems
      S. Kihira, C. Koo, A. Lee, A. Aggarwal, P. Pawha and A. Doshi
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 387-392; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6428
  9. Porter, A.B.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  10. Pourier, V.E.C.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442
  11. Prabhu, S.S.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  12. Pruvo, J.-P.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  13. Psychogios, M.N.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412

Q

  1. Quarles, C.C.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

R

  1. Ramdane, N.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  2. Rana, M.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429
  3. Ranvier, G.F.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      You have access
      4D–Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Preoperative Localization in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
      J.L. Becker, V. Patel, K.J. Johnson, M. Guerrero, R.R. Klein, G.F. Ranvier, R.P. Owen, P. Pawha and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 522-528; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6482

      The authors tested the hypothesis that recently introduced 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria: 37 had single-gland disease, and 17, multigland disease—9 with double-gland hyperplasia; 3 with 3-gland hyperplasia, and 5 with 4-gland hyperplasia. For single-gland disease, the gland was correctly located in 92% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 100% and the quadrant in 92%. For multigland disease, the glands were correctly located in 74% of patients, with correct identification of the side in 74% and the quadrant in 77%. The high spatial and temporal resolution 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging provides excellent diagnostic performance for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  4. Reymond, P.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  5. Reyns, N.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Follow-Up MRI for Small Brain AVMs Treated by Radiosurgery: Is Gadolinium Really Necessary?
      X. Leclerc, O. Guillaud, N. Reyns, J. Hodel, O. Outteryck, F. Bala, N. Bricout, M. Bretzner, N. Ramdane, J.-P. Pruvo, L. Hacein-Bey and G. Kuchcinski
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 437-445; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6404
  6. Roberts, D.R.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Reply:
      D.R. Roberts, D. Asemani, P.J. Nietert, M.A. Eckert, D.C. Inglesby, J.J. Bloomberg, M.S. George and T.R. Brown
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6431
  7. Rots, M.L.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442
  8. Rovira, À.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  9. Ryu, K.H.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427

S

  1. Saalbach, A.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      Correction of Motion Artifacts Using a Multiscale Fully Convolutional Neural Network
      K. Sommer, A. Saalbach, T. Brosch, C. Hall, N.M. Cross and J.B. Andre
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 416-423; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6436

      The authors implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. Application of the network resulted in notably improved image quality without the loss of morphologic information. For synthetic test data, the average reduction in mean squared error was 41.84%. The blinded reader study on the real-world test data resulted in significant reduction in mean artifact scores across all cases.

  2. Sabacinski, K.A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  3. Sastre-Garriga, J.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  4. Sati, P.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      SWAN-Venule: An Optimized MRI Technique to Detect the Central Vein Sign in MS Plaques
      M.I. Gaitán, P. Yañez, M.E. Paday Formenti, I. Calandri, E. Figueiredo, P. Sati and J. Correale
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 456-460; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6437

      Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility-based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients' brains. However, a lower proportion ∼50% has been reported at 3T using SWAN. The authors' aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the central vein sign. Thirty subjects with MS were scanned on a 3T clinical MR imaging system. 3D T2-weighted FLAIR and optimized 3D SWAN, called SWAN-venule, were acquired after injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Overall, the central vein sign was detected in 86% of the white matter lesions (periventricular, 89%; deep white matter, 95%; and juxtacortical, 78%). The SWAN-venule technique is an optimized MR imaging sequence for highly sensitive detection of the central vein sign in MS brain lesions.

  5. Savage, R.H.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  6. Schellingerhout, D.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  7. Schmainda, K.M.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  8. Schoepf, U.J.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  9. Sengupta, A.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Reduced Global Efficiency and Random Network Features in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment
      R. Hawkins, A.S. Shatil, L. Lee, A. Sengupta, L. Zhang, S. Morrow and R.I. Aviv
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 449-455; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6435
  10. Shah, S.S.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  11. Shapiro, S.Z.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  12. Shatil, A.S.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Reduced Global Efficiency and Random Network Features in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment
      R. Hawkins, A.S. Shatil, L. Lee, A. Sengupta, L. Zhang, S. Morrow and R.I. Aviv
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 449-455; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6435
  13. Shen, H.J.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  14. Shi, Z.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  15. Shoirah, H.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Vessel Wall MRI Enhancement in Noninflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
      Q. Hao, N.M. Tsankova, H. Shoirah, C.P. Kellner and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 446-448; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6445
  16. Shroff, M.M.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Fractional Flow on TOF-MRA as a Measure of Stroke Risk in Children with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis
      A.Y. Ibrahim, A. Amirabadi, M.M. Shroff, N. Dlamini, P. Dirks and P. Muthusami
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 535-541; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6441
  17. Singleton, K.W.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  18. Skare, S.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  19. Smith, K.A.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  20. Snelling, B.M.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  21. So, T.Y.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  22. Soloff, E.

    1. Spine
      You have access
      Lumbar Puncture: Creation and Resident Acceptance of a Low-Cost, Durable, Reusable Fluoroscopic Phantom with a Fluid-Filled Spinal Canal for Training at an Academic Program
      D.J. Lerner, S.E. Gifford, N. Olafsen, A. Mileto and E. Soloff
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 548-550; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6439
  23. Sommer, K.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      Correction of Motion Artifacts Using a Multiscale Fully Convolutional Neural Network
      K. Sommer, A. Saalbach, T. Brosch, C. Hall, N.M. Cross and J.B. Andre
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 416-423; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6436

      The authors implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. Application of the network resulted in notably improved image quality without the loss of morphologic information. For synthetic test data, the average reduction in mean squared error was 41.84%. The blinded reader study on the real-world test data resulted in significant reduction in mean artifact scores across all cases.

  24. Sprenger, T.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Clinical Experience of 1-Minute Brain MRI Using a Multicontrast EPI Sequence in a Different Scan Environment
      K.H. Ryu, H.J. Baek, S. Skare, J.I. Moon, B.H. Choi, S.E. Park, J.Y. Ha, T.B. Kim, M.J. Hwang and T. Sprenger
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 424-429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6427
  25. Stein, A.A.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials
      S.Z. Shapiro, K.A. Sabacinski, K. Mantripragada, S.S. Shah, A.A. Stein, N.B. Echeverry, G.A. MacKinnon and B.M. Snelling
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 477-481; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6423
  26. Stokes, A.M.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  27. Su, T.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  28. Swanson, K.R.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

T

  1. Thomas, A.J.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Implications of the Collar Sign in Incompletely Occluded Aneurysms after Pipeline Embolization Device Implantation: A Follow-Up Study
      S. Gomez-Paz, Y. Akamatsu, J.M. Moore, C.S. Ogilvy, A.J. Thomas and C.J. Griessenauer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 482-485; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6415
  2. Tintoré, M.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Ratio of T1-Weighted to T2-Weighted Signal Intensity as a Measure of Tissue Integrity: Comparison with Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
      D. Pareto, A. Garcia-Vidal, M. Alberich, C. Auger, X. Montalban, M. Tintoré, J. Sastre-Garriga and À. Rovira
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 461-463; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6481
  3. Tsankova, N.M.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Vessel Wall MRI Enhancement in Noninflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
      Q. Hao, N.M. Tsankova, H. Shoirah, C.P. Kellner and K. Nael
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 446-448; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6445
  4. Tse, I.O.L.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  5. Tsuboi, T.

    1. Functional
      You have access
      Functional and Structural Connectivity Patterns Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus for Generalized Dystonia
      L. Okromelidze, T. Tsuboi, R.S. Eisinger, M.R. Burns, M. Charbel, M. Rana, S.S. Grewal, C.-Q. Lu, L. Almeida, K.D. Foote, M.S. Okun and E.H. Middlebrooks
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 508-514; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6429

U

  1. Urbach, H.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Contrast Enhancement of Intracranial Aneurysms on 3T 3D Black-Blood MRI and Its Relationship to Aneurysm Recurrence following Endovascular Treatment
      S. Elsheikh, H. Urbach and S. Meckel
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 495-500; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6440

V

  1. Valencia-Calderón, C.J.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      Neuronavigation in the Identification and Presurgical Planning of Cortical Focal Dysplasia
      C.J. Valencia-Calderón
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E10-E11; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6417
  2. van Laarhoven, C.J.H.C.M.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442
  3. Van Ombergen, A.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      The Possible Role of Elastic Properties of the Brain and Optic Nerve Sheath in the Development of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
      P. Wostyn, T.H. Mader, C.R. Gibson, F.L. Wuyts, A. Van Ombergen, P. zu Eulenburg and P.P. De Deyn
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E14-E15; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6430
  4. van Steekelenburg, J.M.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  5. van Weijnen, A.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  6. Vargas, M.I.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Large Neck and Strong Ostium Inflow as the Potential Causes for Delayed Occlusion of Unruptured Sidewall Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Flow Diverter
      T. Su, P. Reymond, O. Brina, P. Bouillot, P. Machi, B.M.A. Delattre, L. Jin, K.O. Lövblad and M.I. Vargas
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 488-494; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6413
  7. Verbist, B.M.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  8. Vergouwen, M.D.I.

    1. Extracranial Vascular
      You have access
      Gadolinium Enhancement of the Aneurysm Wall in Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms
      C.J.H.C.M. van Laarhoven, M.L. Rots, V.E.C. Pourier, N.K.N. Jorritsma, T. Leiner, J. Hendrikse, M.D.I. Vergouwen and G.J. de Borst
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 501-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6442
  9. Vijlbrief, O.D.

    1. Head & Neck
      Open Access
      Value of Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph Signal Intensity in Suspected Ménière Disease
      J.M. van Steekelenburg, A. van Weijnen, L.M.H. de Pont, O.D. Vijlbrief, C.C. Bommeljé, J.P. Koopman, B.M. Verbist, H.M. Blom and S. Hammer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 529-534; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6410
  10. Vlantis, A.C.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

W

  1. Wang, C.

    1. Patient Safety
      Open Access
      Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis Risk Assessment and Skin Biopsy Quantification in Patients with Renal Disease following Gadobenate Contrast Administration
      E. Kanal, T.J. Patton, I. Krefting and C. Wang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 393-399; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6448
  2. Weinberg, J.S.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Imaging-Based Algorithm for the Local Grading of Glioma
      E.D.H. Gates, J.S. Lin, J.S. Weinberg, S.S. Prabhu, J. Hamilton, J.D. Hazle, G.N. Fuller, V. Baladandayuthapani, D.T. Fuentes and D. Schellingerhout
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 400-407; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6405
  3. Wikström, J.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      High Intravascular Signal Arterial Transit Time Artifacts Have Negligible Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Reserve Capacity Measurement Using Single Postlabel Delay Arterial Spin-Labeling in Patients with Moyamoya Disease
      M. Fahlström, A. Lewén, P. Enblad, E.-M. Larsson and J. Wikström
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 430-436; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6411
  4. Woo, J.K.S.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

  5. Wostyn, P.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      The Possible Role of Elastic Properties of the Brain and Optic Nerve Sheath in the Development of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
      P. Wostyn, T.H. Mader, C.R. Gibson, F.L. Wuyts, A. Van Ombergen, P. zu Eulenburg and P.P. De Deyn
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E14-E15; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6430
  6. Wuyts, F.L.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      The Possible Role of Elastic Properties of the Brain and Optic Nerve Sheath in the Development of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
      P. Wostyn, T.H. Mader, C.R. Gibson, F.L. Wuyts, A. Van Ombergen, P. zu Eulenburg and P.P. De Deyn
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E14-E15; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6430

X

  1. Xing, P.F.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  2. Xydis, V.G.

    1. Pediatrics
      You have access
      Is Low-Grade Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants an Innocent Condition? Structural and Functional Evaluation of the Brain Reveals Regional Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities
      M.I. Argyropoulou, L.G. Astrakas, V.G. Xydis, A. Drougia, V. Mouka, I. Goel, V. Giapros and S. Andronikou
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 542-547; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6438

Y

  1. Yañez, P.

    1. FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
      You have access
      SWAN-Venule: An Optimized MRI Technique to Detect the Central Vein Sign in MS Plaques
      M.I. Gaitán, P. Yañez, M.E. Paday Formenti, I. Calandri, E. Figueiredo, P. Sati and J. Correale
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 456-460; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6437

      Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility-based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients' brains. However, a lower proportion ∼50% has been reported at 3T using SWAN. The authors' aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the central vein sign. Thirty subjects with MS were scanned on a 3T clinical MR imaging system. 3D T2-weighted FLAIR and optimized 3D SWAN, called SWAN-venule, were acquired after injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Overall, the central vein sign was detected in 86% of the white matter lesions (periventricular, 89%; deep white matter, 95%; and juxtacortical, 78%). The SWAN-venule technique is an optimized MR imaging sequence for highly sensitive detection of the central vein sign in MS brain lesions.

  2. Yang, P.F.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  3. Yip, K.W.N.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEHead & Neck
      Open Access
      Early Detection of Cancer: Evaluation of MR Imaging Grading Systems in Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
      A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.-Y. Ai, F.K.F. Mo, T.Y. So, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, A.C. Vlantis, K.W.N. Yip, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo and K.C.A. Chan
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 515-521; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6444

      Dedicated nasopharyngeal MR imaging before (plain scan system) and after intravenous contrast administration (current and modified systems) was reviewed in patients from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic region, comprising 383 patients with suspected disease without nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 383 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The modified and plain scan systems refined primary tumor criteria, added a nodal assessment, and expanded the system from 4 to 5 grades. The current, modified, and plain scan MR imaging systems yielded sensitivities of 99.74%, 97.91%, and 97.65%, respectively, and specificities of 63.45%, 89.56%, and 86.42%, respectively. The modified system yielded significantly better performance than the current and plain systems. In conclusion, the authors propose a modified MR imaging grading system that improves diagnostic performance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection. Contrast was not valuable for low MR imaging grades, and the plain scan shows potential for use in screening programs.

Z

  1. Zhang, L.

    1. Adult Brain
      You have access
      Reduced Global Efficiency and Random Network Features in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment
      R. Hawkins, A.S. Shatil, L. Lee, A. Sengupta, L. Zhang, S. Morrow and R.I. Aviv
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 449-455; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6435
    2. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  2. Zhang, L.J.

    1. Adult Brain
      Open Access
      Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Status and Future Perspectives
      Z. Shi, B. Hu, U.J. Schoepf, R.H. Savage, D.M. Dargis, C.W. Pan, X.L. Li, Q.Q. Ni, G.M. Lu and L.J. Zhang
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 373-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6468
  3. Zhang, Y.W.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  4. Zhang, Y.X.

    1. Interventional
      Open Access
      Comparison of Aspiration versus Stent Retriever Thrombectomy as the Preferred Strategy for Patients with Acute Terminal Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
      P.F. Xing, P.F. Yang, Z.F. Li, L. Zhang, H.J. Shen, Y.X. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang and J.M. Liu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 469-476; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6414
  5. Zhou, Y.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  6. Zickler, P.

    1. Interventional
      You have access
      Endovascular Thrombectomy of Calcified Emboli in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study
      C.J. Maurer, T. Dobrocky, F. Joachimski, U. Neuberger, T. Demerath, A. Brehm, A. Cianfoni, B. Gory, A. Berlis, J. Gralla, M.A. Möhlenbruch, K.A. Blackham, M.N. Psychogios, P. Zickler and S. Fischer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 464-468; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6412
  7. Zimmerman, R.S.

    1. EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
      Open Access
      Performance of Standardized Relative CBV for Quantifying Regional Histologic Tumor Burden in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: Comparison against Normalized Relative CBV Using Image-Localized Stereotactic Biopsies
      J.M. Hoxworth, J.M. Eschbacher, A.C. Gonzales, K.W. Singleton, G.D. Leon, K.A. Smith, A.M. Stokes, Y. Zhou, G.L. Mazza, A.B. Porter, M.M. Mrugala, R.S. Zimmerman, B.R. Bendok, D.P. Patra, C. Krishna, J.L. Boxerman, L.C. Baxter, K.R. Swanson, C.C. Quarles, K.M. Schmainda and L.S. Hu
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) 408-415; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6486

      This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor burden in high-grade gliomas relative to posttreatment radiation effects. The authors recruited 38 previously treated patients with high-grade gliomas (World Health Organization grades III or IV) undergoing surgical re-resection for recurrent tumor versus posttreatment radiation effects. They recovered 112 image-localized biopsies and quantified the percentage of histologic tumor content versus posttreatment radiation effects for each sample. They measured spatially matched normalized and standardized relative CBV metrics (mean, median) and fractional tumor burden for each biopsy. Across relative CBV metrics, fractional tumor burden showed the highest correlations with tumor content (0%–100%) for normalized and standardized values. With binary cutoffs, predictive accuracies were similar for both standardized and normalized metrics and across relative CBV metrics. Standardization of relative CBV achieves similar equivalent performance compared with normalized relative CBV and offers an important step toward workflow optimization and consensus methodology.

  8. zu Eulenburg, P.

    1. LETTER
      You have access
      The Possible Role of Elastic Properties of the Brain and Optic Nerve Sheath in the Development of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
      P. Wostyn, T.H. Mader, C.R. Gibson, F.L. Wuyts, A. Van Ombergen, P. zu Eulenburg and P.P. De Deyn
      American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2020, 41 (3) E14-E15; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6430
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 41 (3)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 41, Issue 3
1 Mar 2020
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Virtual Biopsy: A Reality Thanks to Advances in Radiology
Improving Access to Fast MRI for Emergent Shunt Evaluation
Notification of a Voluntary Product Recall for Software Used in a Prior Published Article
Acute Stroke Imaging in Transfer Patients Who Received Recent Intravenous Iodinated Contrast at an Outside Facility: An Unrecognized Problem That Deserves More Attention
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