Current and Emerging MR Imaging Techniques for the Diagnosis and Management of CSF Flow Disorders: A Review of Phase-Contrast and Time–Spatial Labeling Inversion Pulse

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Radiology (K.T.), Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology (W.G.B.), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Neuroradiology (M.L.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Steinberg Diagnostic Imaging Center (M.L.W.), Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Neuroradiology (M.T.B.), Department of Radiology, Institute for Maternal Fetal Health, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.T.B.), USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Toshiba Medical Research Institute (M.M.), Vernon Hills, Illinois; Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc (E.J.K.), Tustin, California; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.