COVID-19-Associated Myelitis Involving the Dorsal and Lateral White Matter Tracts: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

References

1. 1.↵
   2. Whittaker A,
   3. Anson M,
   4. Harky A

   . Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review and current update. Acta Neurol Scand 2020; 142:14–22 doi:10.1111/ane.13266 pmid:32412088

   CrossRefPubMed
2. 2.↵
   2. Munz M,
   3. Wessendorf S,
   4. Koretsis G, et al

   . Acute transverse myelitis after COVID-19 pneumonia. J Neurol 2020; 267:2196–97 doi:10.1007/s00415-020-09934-w pmid:32458198

   CrossRefPubMed
3. 3.↵
   2. Chow CC,
   3. Magnussen J,
   4. Ip J, et al

   . Acute transverse myelitis in COVID-19 infection. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:e236720 doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-236720 pmid:32784242

   CrossRefPubMed
4. 4.↵
   2. Chakraborty U,
   3. Chandra A,
   4. Ray AK, et al

   . COVID-19-associated acute transverse myelitis: a rare entity. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:e238668 doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-238668 pmid:32843475

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
5. 5.↵
   2. Kaur H,
   3. Mason JA,
   4. Bajracharya M, et al

   . Transverse myelitis in a child with COVID-19. Pediatr Neurol 2020; 112:5–6 doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.07.017 pmid:32823138

   CrossRefPubMed
6. 6.↵
   2. AlKetbi R,
   3. AlNuaimi D,
   4. AlMulla M, et al

   . Acute myelitis as a neurological complication of Covid-19: a case report and MRI findings. Radiol Case Rep 2020; 15:1591–95 doi:10.1016/j.radcr.2020.06.001 pmid:32685076

   CrossRefPubMed
7. 7.↵
   2. Baghbanian SM,
   3. Namazi F

   . Post COVID-19 longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM): a case report. Acta Neurol Belg 2020 Sept 18. [Epub ahead of print] doi:10.1007/s13760-020-01497-x pmid:32948995

   CrossRefPubMed
8. 8.↵
   2. Fumery T,
   3. Baudar C,
   4. Ossemann M, et al

   . Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following acute COVID-19 infection. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 48:102723 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102723 pmid:33388559

   CrossRefPubMed
9. 9.↵
   2. Valiuddin H,
   3. Skwirsk B,
   4. Paz-Arabo P

   . Acute transverse myelitis associated with SARS-CoV-2: a case-report. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 5:100091 doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100091 pmid:32835294

   CrossRefPubMed
10. 10.↵
    2. Khedr EM,
    3. Karim AA,
    4. Soliman RK

    . Case report: acute spinal cord myelopathy in patients with COVID-19. Front Neurol 2020; 11:610648 doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.610648 pmid:33414763

    CrossRefPubMed
11. 11.↵
    2. Garg RK,
    3. Paliwal VK,
    4. Gupta A

    . Spinal cord involvement in COVID-19: a review. J Spinal Cord Med 2021 Mar 11. [Epub ahead of print] doi:10.1080/10790268.2021.1888022 pmid:33705268

    CrossRefPubMed
12. 12.↵
    2. Rodríguez de Antonio LA,
    3. González-Suárez I,
    4. Fernández-Barriuso I, et al

    . Para-infectious anti-GD2/GD3 IgM myelitis during the Covid-19 pandemic: case report and literature review. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 49:102783 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.102783 pmid:33513521

    CrossRefPubMed
13. 13.↵
    2. Zhou S,
    3. Jones-Lopez EC,
    4. Soneji DJ, et al

    . Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis and myelitis in COVID-19. J Neuroophthalmol 2020; 40:398–402 doi:10.1097/WNO.0000000000001049 pmid:32604245

    CrossRefPubMed
14. 14.↵
    2. Shaw VC,
    3. Chander G,
    4. Puttanna A

    . Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder secondary to COVID-19. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2020; 81:1–3 doi:10.12968/hmed.2020.0401 pmid:32990089

    CrossRefPubMed
15. 15.↵
    2. Sotoca J,
    3. Rodríguez-Álvarez Y

    . COVID-19-associated acute necrotizing myelitis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2020; 7:e803 doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000803 pmid:32522767

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
16. 16.↵
    2. Zachariadis A,
    3. Tulbu A,
    4. Strambo D, et al

    . Transverse myelitis related to COVID-19 infection. J Neurol 2020; 267:3459–61 doi:10.1007/s00415-020-09997-9 pmid:32601756

    CrossRefPubMed
17. 17.↵
    2. Abdelhady M,
    3. Elsotouhy A,
    4. Vattoth S

    . Acute flaccid myelitis in COVID-19. BJR Case Rep 2020; 6:20200098 doi:10.1259/bjrcr.20200098 pmid:32922857

    CrossRefPubMed
18. 18.↵
    2. Kim JW,
    3. Abdullayev N,
    4. Neuneier J, et al

    . Post-COVID-19 encephalomyelitis. Neurol Res Pract 2021; 3:18 doi:10.1186/s42466-021-00113-4 pmid:33722301

    CrossRefPubMed
19. 19.↵
    2. Ellul MA,
    3. Benjamin L,
    4. Singh B, et al

    . Neurological associations of COVID-19. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19:767–83 doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30221-0 pmid:32622375

    CrossRefPubMed
20. 20.↵
    2. Kranz PG,
    3. Amrhein TJ

    . Imaging approach to myelopathy: acute, subacute, and chronic. Radiol Clin North Am 2019; 57:257–79 doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2018.09.006 pmid:30709470

    CrossRefPubMed
21. 21.↵
    2. Di Rocco A

    . Diseases of the spinal cord in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Semin Neurol 1999; 19:151–55 doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040832 pmid:10718535

    CrossRefPubMed
22. 22.↵
    2. Umehara F,
    3. Nose H,
    4. Saito M, et al

    . Abnormalities of spinal magnetic resonance images implicate clinical variability in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy. J Neurovirol 2007; 13:260–67 doi:10.1080/13550280701258431 pmid:17613716

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. 23.↵
    2. Winston GP,
    3. Jaiser SR

    . Copper deficiency myelopathy and subacute combined degeneration of the cord: why is the phenotype so similar? Med Hypotheses 2008; 71:229–36 doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2008.03.027 pmid:18472229

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
24. 24.↵
    2. Cao J,
    3. Su ZY,
    4. Xu SB, et al

    . Subacute combined degeneration: a retrospective study of 68 cases with short-term follow-up. Eur Neurol 2018; 79:247–55 doi:10.1159/000488913 pmid:29698962

    CrossRefPubMed
25. 25.↵
    2. Kumar N,
    3. Gross JB Jr.,
    4. Ahlskog JE

    . Copper deficiency myelopathy produces a clinical picture like subacute combined degeneration. Neurology 2004; 63:33–39 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000132644.52613.fa pmid:15249607

    CrossRefPubMed
26. 26.↵
    2. Rowin J,
    3. Lewis SL

    . Copper deficiency myeloneuropathy and pancytopenia secondary to overuse of zinc supplementation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005; 76:750–51 doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.046987 pmid:15834043

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
27. 27.↵
    2. Pema PJ,
    3. Horak HA,
    4. Wyatt RH

    . Myelopathy caused by nitrous oxide toxicity. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998; 19:894–96 pmid:9613506

    PubMedWeb of Science
28. 28.↵
    2. Yi Y,
    3. Kang HJ,
    4. Shin HY, et al

    . Progressive myelopathy mimicking subacute combined degeneration after intrathecal chemotherapy. J Child Neurol 2015; 30:246–49 doi:10.1177/0883073814527157 pmid:24659737

    CrossRefPubMed
29. 29.↵
    2. Calder PC

    . Nutrition, immunity and COVID-19. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2020; 3:74–92 doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085 pmid:33230497

    CrossRefPubMed
30. 30.↵
    2. Wee AK

    . COVID-19’s toll on the elderly and those with diabetes mellitus: is vitamin B12 deficiency an accomplice? Med Hypotheses 2021; 146:110374 doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110374 pmid:33257090

    CrossRefPubMed
31. 31.↵
    2. Zhang X,
    3. Hou C,
    4. Liu P, et al

    . Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and subacute combined degeneration: revealing a genetic predisposition. Front Neurol 2018; 9:1162 doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.01162 pmid:30687218

    CrossRefPubMed
32. 32.↵
    2. Karst M,
    3. Hollenhorst J,
    4. Achenbach J

    . Life-threatening course in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): is there a link to methylenetetrahydrofolic acid reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism and hyperhomocysteinemia? Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110234 doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110234 pmid:33254541

    CrossRefPubMed