RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Gray Matter Pathology in MS: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study in a Pediatric Population
JF American Journal of Neuroradiology
JO Am. J. Neuroradiol.
FD American Society of Neuroradiology
SP 1507
OP 1511
DO 10.3174/ajnr.A3011
VO 33
IS 8
A1 M. Calabrese
A1 D. Seppi
A1 C. Romualdi
A1 F. Rinaldi
A1 S. Alessio
A1 P. Perini
A1 P. Gallo
YR 2012
UL http://www.ajnr.org/content/33/8/1507.abstract
AB BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: GM pathology is considered a major determinant of disability in MS, but the comprehension of its origin and progression rate is limited by the uncertainty of dating the biologic disease onset. Thus, we planned a longitudinal study aimed at analyzing and comparing cortical pathology in pediatric and adult MS patients at clinical onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within 12 months from clinical onset, 35 patients with cMS and 57 with aMS were included in a longitudinal study. At T0, GMf and CL number and volume were analyzed. Percentages of Δ-GMf and number of new CLs were assessed every year for 3 years (T1-T3). Twenty-eight age- and sex-matched NCs constituted the reference population. RESULTS: At T0, GMf did not differ between cMS and NC (P = .18), while it was lower in patients with aMS compared with both NCs (P < .001) and patients with cMS (P < .001). The number of patients with CLs, as well as CL number and volume, were higher in patients with aMS than in those with cMS (P < .001). At T3, Δ-GMf was higher in both patients with cMS (1.6% ± 0.5%; range 0.7%–3.4%; P < .001) and aMS (1.6% ± 0.6%; range 0.6%–3.4%; P < .001) compared with NCs (0.7% ± 0.2%; range 0.4%–1.1%), whereas no difference was observed between patients with cMS and aMS (P = .93). Δ-GMf significantly correlated with increased CL volume (cMS: r = 0.46; aMS: r = 0.48) and with the appearance of new CLs (cMS: r = 0.51; aMS: r = 0.49). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that focal (CLs) and diffuse (atrophy) GM damage are strictly associated with the biologic onset of MS, and proceed linearly and partly independently of WM pathology. aMSadult-onset multiple sclerosisCLcortical lesioncMSchildhood-onset multiple sclerosisEDSSExpanded Disability Status ScaleGMgray matterGMfgray matter fractionΔ-GMfdelta gray matter fractionΔ-GMf_1delta gray matter fraction at T1Δ-GMf_2delta gray matter fraction at T2Δ-GMf_3delta gray matter fraction at T3NChealthy controlT0baselineT2WMLVT2 white matter lesion volume