RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Transvenous n-Butyl-Cyanoacrylate Infusion for Complex Dural Carotid Cavernous Fistulas: Technical Considerations and Clinical Outcome JF American Journal of Neuroradiology JO Am. J. Neuroradiol. FD American Society of Neuroradiology SP 1888 OP 1897 VO 26 IS 8 A1 Ajay K. Wakhloo A1 Alain Perlow A1 Italo Linfante A1 Johnny S. Sandhu A1 John Cameron A1 Neil Troffkin A1 Alexander Schenck A1 Norman J. Schatz A1 David T. Tse A1 Byron L. Lam YR 2005 UL http://www.ajnr.org/content/26/8/1888.abstract AB BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular transvenous embolization has been advocated as the treatment technique for dural carotid cavernous fistulas (dCCFs). Most centers use platinum coils primarily. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the technical aspects, efficacy, and safety of transvenous n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) infusion in dCCFs as a primary alternative or adjunct to coil embolization.METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 14 patients with dCCFs who were treated at this institution from 1999 to 2004 by using n-BCA infusion alone or in combination with coils. The efficacy of treatment and safety aspects were studied in dCCFs of Barrow type B (4/14), C (2/14), and D (8/14). Six patients were treated with transvenous n-BCA infusion alone in the cavernous sinus, 7 with a combination of transvenous n-BCA and coil embolization, and one with transvenous n-BCA combined with transarterial polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–particle embolization of the feeding arteries.RESULTS: An angiographic obliteration and clinical cure was achieved in all patients. Technical complications were nonsymptomatic and included spillage of an n-BCA droplet into a middle cerebral artery branch retrograde through the arteriovenous fistulas in one patient and perforation of the inferior petrosal sinus during microcatheter placement in another. A third patient developed temporary palsy of the sixth cranial nerve a few days after the treatment.CONCLUSION: In this small series, the use of n-BCA either alone or in conjunction with detachable coils was a safe and effective technique for the treatment of symptomatic patients presenting with complex dCCFs.