TY - JOUR T1 - <sup>62</sup>Cu-Diacetyl-Bis (N<sup>4</sup>-Methylthiosemicarbazone) PET in Human Gliomas: Comparative Study with [<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorodeoxyglucose and L-Methyl-[<sup>11</sup>C]Methionine PET JF - American Journal of Neuroradiology JO - Am. J. Neuroradiol. DO - 10.3174/ajnr.A3679 AU - K. Tateishi AU - U. Tateishi AU - S. Nakanowatari AU - M. Ohtake AU - R. Minamimoto AU - J. Suenaga AU - H. Murata AU - K. Kubota AU - T. Inoue AU - N. Kawahara Y1 - 2013/08/14 UR - http://www.ajnr.org/content/early/2013/08/14/ajnr.A3679.abstract N2 - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) was developed as a hypoxic radiotracer in PET. We compared imaging features among MR imaging and 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)-PET, FDG-PET, and L-methyl-[11C]methionine)-PET in gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 23 patients who underwent 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)-PET and FDG-PET and 19 (82.6%) who underwent L-methyl-[11C]methionine)–PET, with all 23 patients undergoing surgery and their diagnosis being then confirmed by histologic examination as a glioma. Semiquantitative and volumetric analysis were used for the comparison. RESULTS: There were 10 newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme and 13 nonglioblastoma multiforme (grades II and III), including 4 recurrences without any adjuvant treatment. The maximum standardized uptake value and tumor/background ratios of 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone), as well as L-methyl-[11C]methionine, were significantly higher in glioblastoma multiforme than in nonglioblastoma multiforme (P = .03 and P = .03, respectively); no significant differences were observed on FDG. At a tumor/background ratio cutoff threshold of 1.9, 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) was most predictive of glioblastoma multiforme, with 90.0% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. The positive and negative predictive values, respectively, for glioblastoma multiforme were 75.0% and 85.7% on 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone), 83.3% and 60.0% on L-methyl-[11C]methionine, and 72.7% and 75.0% on MR imaging. In glioblastoma multiforme, volumetric analysis demonstrated that 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) uptake had significant correlations with FDG (r = 0.68, P = .03) and L-methyl-[11C]methionine (r = 0.87, P = .03). However, the 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)–active region was heterogeneously distributed in 50.0% (5/10) of FDG-active and 0% (0/6) of L-methyl-[11C]methionine)–active regions. CONCLUSIONS: 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) may be a practical radiotracer in the prediction of glioblastoma multiforme. In addition to FDG-PET, L-methyl-[11C]methionine)–PET, and MR imaging, 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)-PET may provide intratumoral hypoxic information useful in establishing targeted therapeutic strategies for patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Abbreviations 62Cu-ATSM62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)GBMglioblastoma multiformeMETL-methyl-[11C]methioninenon-GBM gliomasWorld Health Organization grade II and III gliomasSUVmaxmaximum standardized uptake valueT/B ratiotumor/background ratio ER -