PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - L. Saba
AU  - C. Yuan
AU  - T.S. Hatsukami
AU  - N. Balu
AU  - Y. Qiao
AU  - J.K. DeMarco
AU  - T. Saam
AU  - A.R. Moody
AU  - D. Li
AU  - C.C. Matouk
AU  - M.H. Johnson
AU  - H.R. Jäger
AU  - M. Mossa-Basha
AU  - M.E. Kooi
AU  - Z. Fan
AU  - D. Saloner
AU  - M. Wintermark
AU  - D.J. Mikulis
AU  - B.A. Wasserman
ED  - ,
TI  - Carotid Artery Wall Imaging: Perspective and Guidelines from the ASNR Vessel Wall Imaging Study Group and Expert Consensus Recommendations of the American Society of Neuroradiology
AID  - 10.3174/ajnr.A5488
DP  - 2018 Jan 11
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/early/2018/01/11/ajnr.A5488.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/early/2018/01/11/ajnr.A5488.full
AB  - SUMMARY: Identification of carotid artery atherosclerosis is conventionally based on measurements of luminal stenosis and surface irregularities using in vivo imaging techniques including sonography, CT and MR angiography, and digital subtraction angiography. However, histopathologic studies demonstrate considerable differences between plaques with identical degrees of stenosis and indicate that certain plaque features are associated with increased risk for ischemic events. The ability to look beyond the lumen using highly developed vessel wall imaging methods to identify plaque vulnerable to disruption has prompted an active debate as to whether a paradigm shift is needed to move away from relying on measurements of luminal stenosis for gauging the risk of ischemic injury. Further evaluation in randomized clinical trials will help to better define the exact role of plaque imaging in clinical decision-making. However, current carotid vessel wall imaging techniques can be informative. The goal of this article is to present the perspective of the ASNR Vessel Wall Imaging Study Group as it relates to the current status of arterial wall imaging in carotid artery disease.CEcontrast-enhancedDIRdouble inversion recoveryFCfibrous capIPHintraplaque hemorrhageIVUSintravascular ultrasoundLRNClipid-rich necrotic coreMATCHmulticontrast atherosclerosis characterizationSNAPsimultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhageSPACEsampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolutionUSultrasound