RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A Review of Magnetic Particle Imaging and Perspectives on Neuroimaging JF American Journal of Neuroradiology JO Am. J. Neuroradiol. FD American Society of Neuroradiology DO 10.3174/ajnr.A5896 A1 L.C. Wu A1 Y. Zhang A1 G. Steinberg A1 H. Qu A1 S. Huang A1 M. Cheng A1 T. Bliss A1 F. Du A1 J. Rao A1 G. Song A1 L. Pisani A1 T. Doyle A1 S. Conolly A1 K. Krishnan A1 G. Grant A1 M. Wintermark YR 2019 UL http://www.ajnr.org/content/early/2019/01/14/ajnr.A5896.abstract AB SUMMARY: Magnetic particle imaging is an emerging tomographic technique with the potential for simultaneous high-resolution, high-sensitivity, and real-time imaging. Magnetic particle imaging is based on the unique behavior of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modeled by the Langevin theory, with the ability to track and quantify nanoparticle concentrations without tissue background noise. It is a promising new imaging technique for multiple applications, including vascular and perfusion imaging, oncology imaging, cell tracking, inflammation imaging, and trauma imaging. In particular, many neuroimaging applications may be enabled and enhanced with magnetic particle imaging. In this review, we will provide an overview of magnetic particle imaging principles and implementation, current applications, promising neuroimaging applications, and practical considerations.FFLfield-free lineFFPfield-free pointFFRfield-free regionMPImagnetic particle imagingSPIOsuperparamagnetic iron oxideSPIONsuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle