TY - JOUR T1 - Transient Splenial Lesion of the Corpus Callosum in Clinically Mild Influenza-Associated Encephalitis/Encephalopathy JF - American Journal of Neuroradiology JO - Am. J. Neuroradiol. SP - 1983 LP - 1986 VL - 27 IS - 9 AU - N. Bulakbasi AU - M. Kocaoglu AU - C. Tayfun AU - T. Ucoz Y1 - 2006/10/01 UR - http://www.ajnr.org/content/27/9/1983.abstract N2 - BACKGROUND: Reversible lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC), caused by various agents such as influenza, rotavirus, Escherichia coli, mumps, and adenovirus, were previously defined in a handful of cases. We present 5 cases with transient diffusion restriction of the SCC associated with influenza A virus infection.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients with influenza-associated encephalitis/encephalopathy and sudden-onset neurologic symptoms following a prodromal flulike episode were examined by MR and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).RESULTS: Three patients, who had drowsiness and new-onset convulsions, recovered spontaneously without any medication. In the other 2 seizure-free patients, 1 had trigeminal neuralgia and headache and the other had facial numbness and left upper monoparesis. All patients had round well-defined ovoid hyperintense splenial lesions (14.94 ± 1.87 mm) on DWI with a significantly low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of 0.41 ± 0.05 × 10−3 mm2/s compared with 0.84 ± 0.01 × 10−3 mm2/s of normal-appearing white matter. In the patient with a motor deficit, additional lesions were found in the cerebral deep white matter. The high signal intensity of the splenial and deep white matter lesions on DWI completely disappeared on follow-up studies, and ADC values also improved, returning to those of normal-appearing white matter on days 8–11. Clinically, all patients completely recovered on days 4–9.CONCLUSION: A transient lesion of the SCC is a significant but nonspecific finding. It is probably due to edematous and/or inflammatory changes of the SCC. It may be the only detectable change in patients with good prognosis, indicating a clinically mild form of encephalitis/encephalopathy. ER -