PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - J. Ding
AU  - Y. Duan
AU  - M. Wang
AU  - Y. Yuan
AU  - Z. Zhuo
AU  - L. Gan
AU  - Q. Song
AU  - B. Gao
AU  - L. Yang
AU  - H. Liu
AU  - Y. Hou
AU  - F. Zheng
AU  - R. Chen
AU  - J. Wang
AU  - L. Lin
AU  - B. Zhang
AU  - G. Zhang
AU  - Y. Liu
TI  - Acceleration of Brain Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging with Compressed Sensitivity Encoding: A Prospective Multicenter Study
AID  - 10.3174/ajnr.A7441
DP  - 2022 Mar 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 402--409
VI  - 43
IP  - 3
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/43/3/402.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/43/3/402.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.2022 Mar 01; 43
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: While three-dimensional susceptibility-weighted imaging has been widely suggested for intracranial vessel imaging, hemorrhage detection, and other neuro-diseases, its relatively long scan time has necessitated the clinical verification of recent progresses of fast imaging techniques. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of brain SWI accelerated by compressed sensitivity encoding to identify the optimal acceleration factors for clinical practice.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-nine subjects, prospectively enrolled from 5 centers, underwent 8 brain SWI sequences: 5 different folds of compressed sensitivity encoding acceleration (CS2, CS4, CS6, CS8, and CS10), 2 different folds of sensitivity encoding acceleration (SF2 and SF4), and 1 without acceleration. Images were assessed quantitatively on both the SNR of the red nucleus and its contrast ratio to the CSF and, subjectively, with scoring on overall image quality; visibility of the substantia nigra–red nucleus, basilar artery, and internal cerebral vein; and diagnostic confidence of the cerebral microbleeds and other intracranial diseases.RESULTS: Compressed sensitivity encoding showed a promising ability to reduce the acquisition time (from 202 to 41 seconds) of SWI while increasing the acceleration factor from 2 to 10, though at the cost of decreasing the SNR, contrast ratio, and the scores of visual assessments. The visibility of the substantia nigra–red nucleus and internal cerebral vein became unacceptable in CS6 to CS10. The basilar artery was well-distinguished, and diseases including cerebral microbleeds, cavernous angiomas, intracranial gliomas, venous malformations, and subacute hemorrhage were well-diagnosed in all compressed sensitivity encoding sequences.CONCLUSIONS: Compressed sensitivity encoding factor 4 is recommended in routine practice. Compressed sensitivity encoding factor 10 is potentially a fast surrogate for distinguishing the basilar artery and detecting susceptibility-related abnormalities (eg, cerebral microbleeds, cavernous angiomas, gliomas, and venous malformation) at the sacrifice of visualization of the substantia nigra–red nucleus and internal cerebral vein.BAbasilar arteryCMBcerebral microbleedCRcontrast ratioCScompressed sensingGRAPPAgeneralized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitionICVinternal cerebral veinRNred nucleusRSreference protocol without SENSE or CS-SENSE accelerationSENSEsensitivity encodingSNsubstantia nigraSNRRNSNR of the RN