TABLE 1:

Clinical summary of patients

Patient/Age (y)/SexCognard ClassificationAffected SinusSymptomTreatment*
DescriptionDue to Venous Hypertension?
1/75/MIR sigmoidTinnitusNoTAE
2/54/MISuperior sagittal sinusBulging scalp vesselsNoTAE
3/78/FISuperior sagittal sinusAneurysm-like STA dilatationNoNone
4/54/FIL cavernousNoneNANone
5/58/MIR cavernousChemosis, diplopiaNoNone
6/73/MIL cavernousDiplopiaNoNone
7/75/FIL cavernousChemosisNoTVE
8/62/MIIaL sigmoidTinnitusNoTAE, TVE
9/75/MIIaR transverse sigmoidNoneNANone
10/33/MIIbL transverse sigmoidHeadache, tinnitusYesTAE, TVE
11/66/FIIbL cavernousDiplopia, disorientationYesTVE
12/85/FIIbL cavernousChemosis, diplopiaNoTAE
13/33/FIIa+bR transverse sigmoidHeadache, visual disturbanceYesTAE
14/54/FIIa+bL transverse sigmoidDementiaYesTAE,TVE
15/55/MIIIL transverse sigmoidHemorrhage, vertigo, convulsionYesTAE, TVE
16/63/MIIIR transverse sigmoidHemorrhageYesTAE
17/67/MIIIR transverse confluenceL lower quadrant homonymous anopsiaYesTAE, TVE
18/72/FIIIL transverse confluenceDementiaYesTVE
19/78/FIIIL transverseConvulsion, disturbed consciousnessYesTAE
20/67/MIVL anterior fossaConvulsionYesSurgery
21/74/MIVR anterior fossaNoneNASurgery
  • Note.—NA = Not applicable, STA = superficial temporal artery, TAE = transarterial embolization, TAV = transvenous embolization.

  • * All patients improved except for patients 3 and 12, whose condition was unchanged.