Patient/Age (y)/Sex | Cognard Classification | Affected Sinus | Symptom | Treatment* | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Description | Due to Venous Hypertension? | ||||
1/75/M | I | R sigmoid | Tinnitus | No | TAE |
2/54/M | I | Superior sagittal sinus | Bulging scalp vessels | No | TAE |
3/78/F | I | Superior sagittal sinus | Aneurysm-like STA dilatation | No | None |
4/54/F | I | L cavernous | None | NA | None |
5/58/M | I | R cavernous | Chemosis, diplopia | No | None |
6/73/M | I | L cavernous | Diplopia | No | None |
7/75/F | I | L cavernous | Chemosis | No | TVE |
8/62/M | IIa | L sigmoid | Tinnitus | No | TAE, TVE |
9/75/M | IIa | R transverse sigmoid | None | NA | None |
10/33/M | IIb | L transverse sigmoid | Headache, tinnitus | Yes | TAE, TVE |
11/66/F | IIb | L cavernous | Diplopia, disorientation | Yes | TVE |
12/85/F | IIb | L cavernous | Chemosis, diplopia | No | TAE |
13/33/F | IIa+b | R transverse sigmoid | Headache, visual disturbance | Yes | TAE |
14/54/F | IIa+b | L transverse sigmoid | Dementia | Yes | TAE,TVE |
15/55/M | III | L transverse sigmoid | Hemorrhage, vertigo, convulsion | Yes | TAE, TVE |
16/63/M | III | R transverse sigmoid | Hemorrhage | Yes | TAE |
17/67/M | III | R transverse confluence | L lower quadrant homonymous anopsia | Yes | TAE, TVE |
18/72/F | III | L transverse confluence | Dementia | Yes | TVE |
19/78/F | III | L transverse | Convulsion, disturbed consciousness | Yes | TAE |
20/67/M | IV | L anterior fossa | Convulsion | Yes | Surgery |
21/74/M | IV | R anterior fossa | None | NA | Surgery |
Note.—NA = Not applicable, STA = superficial temporal artery, TAE = transarterial embolization, TAV = transvenous embolization.
* All patients improved except for patients 3 and 12, whose condition was unchanged.