Patient No./Age (y)/Sex | Cancer and Treatment History | Presentation | Blowout | Stent-Graft (mm)* | Initial Complication† | Follow-Up | Outcome | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Onset (y) | Group | Location | |||||||
1/35/M | Mixed, submandibular gland; wide excision, R/T, C/T | Recurrence, RN; lung, kidney metastasis | 5 | Acute | CBF | 8 × 50 | Asymptomatic acute ICA thrombosis and occlusion | Not applicable | 19 d: rebleed; died |
2/43/M | Tonsillar; wide excision, R/T, C/T | Recurrence, RN | 1 | Acute | CCA | 8 × 30 | None | Not applicable | 2 d: rebleed; died |
3/52/M | Laryngeal; total laryngectomy, R/T, C/T | Recurrence, RN, PCF | 4 | Acute | ICA | 7 × 30, 9 × 50 | Asymptomatic transient in-stent thrombosis | Rebleed wk 3, second stent-graft; patency on 1-mo CTA & 3-mo angiogram | 6-mo CT: asymptomatic carotid thrombosis; lived 20 mo |
4/49/M | Nasopharyngeal, R/T; second primary hypopharyngeal, R/T, C/T | Recurrent hypopharyngeal cancer, RN | 12, 1 | Impending | CBF | 8 × 50‡ | Embolic infarct, MCA territory | Stent patency on 1-mo CT, sonography | 2-mo: died from progression |
5/52/M | Hypopharyngeal; R/T, C/T | Slightly swollen soft tissue of neck | 1 | Impending | CBF | 8 × 50‡ | None | Stent patency on 2-mo CTA | 4-mo: septic carotid thrombosis, brain, abscess; lived 14 mo |
6/65/M | Laryngeal; R/T | RN, PCF | 4 | Acute | CCA, CBF | 8 × 50, 8 × 50 | None | Rebleed at 2-mo, second stent-graft; rebleed at 3-mo, direct percutaneous ECA puncture for embolization; stent patency at 3-mo CT | 5-mo CT: asymptomatic carotid thrombosis; lived 13 mo |
7/44/M | Hypopharyngeal; total laryngopharyngectomy, C/T, R/T | Recurrence, RN, PCF, lung metastasis | 1/2 | Threatened | CCA | 9 × 70 | None | Stent patency on 2-wk sonography | 1-mo: died from lung metastasis |
8/54/M | Lower esophageal, primary hypopharyngeal; esophagectomy, laryngectomy, C/T, R/T | Recurrence, RN, PCF | 1 | Threatened | CCA | 9 × 70 | None | Stent patency on 2-wk CTA | 1.5-mo: died from progression, mediastinitis |
Note.—CBF indicates carotid bifurcation; CCA, common carotid artery; C/T, chemotherapy; CTA, CT angiography; ECA, external carotid artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; PCF, pharyngocutaneous fistula; RN, radiation necrosis; R/T, radiotherapy.
* Wallgraft; Boston Scientific Corporation.
† Immediate hemostasis was achieved in all patients.
‡ Plus 3 fiber coils in the ECA