Table 1:

Genes that were included in the rabbit gene chip

Proteolytic enzymesa1-Antitrypsin,11,15,17 calpain,27 cathepsin B and D,10,27,29 collagenase,11,30 elastase,11 MMP-1,26 MMP-2,11,18 MMP-7,26 MMP-8,26,30 MMP-9,5,11,16,19,20,27-30 MMP-12,30 MMP-14,26 MT1-MMP,11,16 protease inhibitor,15,27 SPARC (also known as osteonectin),10 TIMP-2,11,19 TIMP-310
Apoptosis of smooth muscle cellsActinin,30 heat shock protein,26,27 c-Jun,12 caveolin,26 fas,26 myosin heavy chain,30 titin,27 tumor suppressor 53,26
Inflammatory cell recruitmentACE,11,14,15 albumin,27 angiotensin type 1 receptor,14 β-galactosidase-binding lectin,10 endothelial differentiation factor,26 HLA,10,15 IgG heavy chain,10 Ig-γ light chain,10 NFAT,27 vinculin,10 interferon γ,26,27 interleukins,26,27,29,30 MCP-1,26 neutrophil-activating protein,26 TNF26-28,30
Coagulation cascadeAnnexin III,26 factor XIII,11 haptoglobin, heme oxygenase,30 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,11,26,30 PDGF-AA,14,26,27,29 platelet membrane glycoprotein IIIA,28 prothrombin, t-PA,16 thrombin receptor,26,27 thrombomodulin,26 thrombospondin 1,26 transferrin,27 u-PA,11,27 vitronectin15
Extracellular matrix proteinsADAM,27 bFGF,14 bone cartilage proteoglycan,26,29 BMP,26,27 collagen I,10,11,15,21,38 collagen III,10,11,15,21-24 collagen IV,10,11,15,21,25 collagen V,11,21 collagen VIII,11 fibronectin,10,11,38 fibromodulin,30 FK506 binding protein 12,27 insulin-like growth factor,26-28 laminin,11,15,28 lysyl oxidase,11 tenascin,11 TGF-β11,27
Oxidative stressAdenosine A3 receptor,27 alcohol dehydrogenase,26 apolipoprotein E,15,27,29 atrial natriuretic peptide,26 clusterin (apolipoprotein J),26 cytochrome P450,26 endothelin,26 GST,26 HIF-1, lipoxygenase,30 SOD,26 iNOS,11,13,27,30 VEGF,11 VEGF receptor11
Cell signaling pathwaysAcyl CoA binding protein,29 c-myc,26 calcineurin,27 calmodulin,27 CD86,27 elongation factor 1-δ,10 deoxyribonuclease,27 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2,27 frizzled,27 glutamate receptor metabotropic,27 heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor, insulin responsive glucose transporter 4,26 JNK MAPK,12,26 neuregulin,27 PLC,27 PKC,27,29 Serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinases ,27,29 protein phosphatase-1, Ras associated protein 2,27 RAL A GTP-binding protein,29 ras,14 retinoic acid receptor-β,26 rho/rac GEF,27,28 transcription factor egr1,26,27 tryptophan hydroxylase,27 tyrosine receptor kinase26
  • Note:—MMP indicates matrix metalloproteinase; MT1-MMP, membrane type metalloproteinase-1; SPARC, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine; TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T cells; MCP, macrophage chemoattractant protein; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; ADAM, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; u-PA, urokinase type plasminogen activator; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; TGF, transforming growth factor; SOD, superoxide dismutase; iNOS, inducible nitric-oxide synthase; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; GST, glutathione S-transferase; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; JNK, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase; MAPK, mitogen activated protein kinase; PLC, phospholipase C; PKC, protein kinase C; GEF, guanine nucleotide exchange factor.

  • Articles demonstrating the relevance of each gene to vascular pathophysiology are cited. The functions of these genes are grouped into 7 pathways that are relevant to intracranial aneurysms.