IPH prediction model with angiotensin system confoundersa
| Carotid IPH Predictor | PR | P Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum plaque thickness, per 1-mm increase | 1.40 | <.001 | 1.18–1.67 |
| Low vitamin D level, <30 ng/mL, low versus high | 2.07 | .04 | 1.05–4.09 |
| Angiotensin II level (ng/L), per 1-U increase | 1.00 | .80 | 0.99–1.01 |
| ACE inhibitor use | 1.05 | .87 | 0.56–1.99 |
| ARB use | 0.93 | .90 | 0.31–2.77 |
Note:—ARB indicates angiotensin receptor blockers.
↵a To illustrate the lack of confounding, we included markers of systemic angiotensin activity, including angiotensin II, ACE inhibitor use, and ARB use in addition to our final model of maximum plaque thickness and low vitamin D levels.