Predisposing causes of nonalcoholic WE
| Cause | Author, Year, and Reference |
|---|---|
| Bariatric surgery | Singh S, 2007 7; Nolli M, 2005 8; Loh Y, 2004 9 |
| Gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy | Worden RW, 2006 10; Karapanayiotides T, 2006 11 |
| Therapy with intragastric balloon | Chaves LC, 2002 13 |
| Colectomy | Pagnan L, 1998 12 |
| Hyperemesis gravidarum | Chiossi G, 2006 14; Selitsky T, 2006 15; Spruill SC, 2002 16 |
| Parenteral nutrition, hyperalimentation, prolonged intravenous glucose infusion | Zhong C, 2005 6; Attard O, 2006 21; Francini-Pesenti F, 2007 22 |
| Prolonged starvation | Basoğlu M, 2006 23; Drenick EJ, 1966 24 |
| Anorexia nervosa | Peters TE, 2007 18 |
| Terminal tumor | Yae S, 2005 25 |
| AIDS | Butterworth RF, 1991 19 |
| Hemodialysis | Ihara M, 1999 26 |
| Chemical therapy | D’Aprile P, 2000 17 |
| Allogenic stem cell transplantation | Baek JH, 2005 27 |
| Wrong formula feeding | Fattal-Valevski A, 2005 20 |
| Brain stem disease | Fei G, 2007 |