TABLE 2:

Overview of diagnostic workup results, therapeutic course, angiographic follow-up findings, and outcome

Patient No./Age (y)/Sex	Surgical Treatment	Endovascular Treatment	First DSA Finding	Second DSA Finding	Superselect DSA	Course of Treatment	Follow-up Angiography^*	Barthel Index
1/43/F	Yes	Yes	Negative	Questionable	2	First DSA findings negative and control DSA findings (1 mo later) questionable. Microcatheterization was diagnostic. Endovascular treatment failed due to clinically uncomplicated vasospasm of the arterial feeder. Surgical intervention was successful.	At 6 mo	100
2/31/M	No	Yes	Negative	Questionable	3	First DSA findings negative and control DSA findings (1 mo later) questionable. Microcatheterization was diagnostic. First embolization incomplete. Second (6 mo later) endovascular procedure successful.	At 3 mo	100
3/60/F	No	Yes	Positive		1	No data	At 6 mo	95
4/41/M	No	Yes	Questionable	Positive	1	First DSA findings questionable. Repeat angiographic findings (2 mo later) were diagnostic. Single-shot endovascular treatment (1 wk later) successful.	At 6 mo	95
5/57/M	Yes	No	Positive		0	No data	None	50
6/48/F	Yes	Yes	Positive		1	Surgery attempted first; failed due to inability to locate AV shunt. Postoperative angiograms showed persistence of AV shunt. Endovascular treatment subsequently performed	At 6 mo	100
7/43/M	Yes	No	Questionable	Positive		First DSA findings questionable. Repeat angiography findings (1 mo later) were diagnostic. Subsequently surgery was successful.	At 3 mo	100
8/65/F	No	Yes	Questionable	Positive	1	First DSA findings questionable. Repeat angiography findings (2 mo later) were diagnostic. Endovascular treatment (1 mo later) successful.	At 3 mo	100
9/38/M	Yes	No	Positive		0	No data	At 3 mo	100
10/50/F	Yes	Yes	Positive		1	DSA findings diagnostic. Endovascular treatment failed due to suboptimal microcatheter tip positioning. Patient subsequently underwent surgery. Immediate postoperative angiograms confirmed complete AV shunt resection.	None	95

Note.—DSA indicates digital subtraction angiography; AV, arteriovenous.
↵* Performed after the last procedure.