Sex, age | Male, 1 year | Female, 2 days | Female, 1 day | Female, 28 weeks’ gestation | Female, 2 days |
Clinical presentation | Macrocephaly, mild facial dysmorphism, developmental delay | Protruding whitish mass from oral cavity | Craniofacial deformity | Prematurity, hydrocephalus with intraventricular hemorrhage on ultrasonogram | Suspected choanal atresia |
Pituitary gland, duplicated pituitary and stalk | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Hypothalamic thickening and tubomammillary fusion | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Duplicated pituitary fossae and cleft basisphenoid | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Sphenopharyngeal canal | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Hypertelorism | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
Corpus callosum | Normal | Agenesis | Agenesis | Agenesis | Normal |
Mouth and nasopharynx | Normal | Cleft palate, oral dermoid, frontonasal dysplasia | Jaw teratoma, syngnathia, sphenomandibular-maxillary fusion, cleft palate | Cleft palate | Oral “hairy” dermoid, posterior cleft through bony palate |
Posterior fossa | Wide pons, prominent ventral raphe | Normal | Normal | Lower brain stem tethered anteriorly to pharynx through cleft above anterior arch of C1 with basion | Lower brain stem tethered anteriorly to pharynx through cleft above anterior arch of C1 with basion |
Basilar artery | Duplicated, MR angiogram available | Duplicated, only spin-echo images available | Duplicated, only spin-echo images available | Duplicated, MR angiogram available | Duplicated, MR angiogram available |
Cervical spine anomalies/anomalies of basion | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |