Patient characteristics
| Patient (no.) | Age (y)/Sex | Diagnosis | Location | Feeders | Catheter Location | 3D-RSA Benefits* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 20/M | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | C3–C5 (ASA); right DA (radiculomedullary); left C6 (PSA); right VA (LSA) | Left VA | 1, 2 |
| 2 | 10/M | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | Bilateral VA (ASA and PSA) | Right VA | 2 |
| 3 | 14/M | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | Right DA (ASA) | Right DA | 1, 2 |
| 4 | 26/F | Spinal cord AVM | Conus | Left T10 (ASA); right L2 (PSA); left T11 (PSA) | Left T10 IA | 2, 3 |
| 5 | 26/F | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | Left VA (ASA); right DA (ASA and PSA) | Left VA | 1, 2 |
| 6 | 18/M | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | C1–C2 (ASA); right C2 (LSA) | Left VA | 1, 2, 3 |
| 7 | 34/M | Perimedullary spinal AVM | Cervical | Left C6 (ASA) | Left VA | 1, 2, 3 |
| 8 | 54/M | Spinal dural AVF | Thoracic | Left T12 | Left T12 IA | 3, 4 |
| 9 | 45/F | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | Right C4 (ASA); left C5 (ASA) | Right VA; left T4 IA | 2 |
| 10 | 69/F | Spinal dural AVF | Thoracic | Right T7 | Right T7 IA | 2, 3, 4 |
| 11 | 49/M | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | Right SA (ASA) | Right SA | 1, 2 |
| 12 | 63/M | Nerve root AVM | Cervical | Left C5; right C5 (PSA) | Left C5 RA | 2, 3, 4 |
| 13 | 51/F | Spinal cord AVM | Cervical | Right C3 (ASA); left PICA (LSA) | Right VA | 1, 2 |
| 14 | 46/M | Spinal dural AVF | Lumbar | Left L1 | Left L1 artery | 2, 3, 4 |
Note.—AVM signifies arteriovenous malformation; ASA, anterior spinal artery; PSA, posterior spinal artery; VA, vertebral artery; LSA, lateral spinal artery; DA, dorsovervical artery; IA, intercostals artery; AVF, arteriovenous fistula; SA, subclavian artery; RA, radicular artery; and PICA, posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
↵* 1, visualization of aneurysm; 2, definition of angioarchitecture; 3, visualization of relationship to surrounding structures; and 4, need for CT to confirm location of embolic agent obviated.