Total blood oxygen level-dependent signal changes, cerebral perfusion changes, and difference values for placebo and caffeine conditions*

Participant No.	Visual BOLD Change (mean % change × cluster volume)			Auditory BOLD Change (mean % change × cluster volume)			Gray Matter Perfusion (mL/100 g of tissue/min)
Participant No.	Caffeine	Placebo	Difference	Caffeine	Placebo	Difference	Caffeine	Placebo	Difference
1	460.48	473.76	−13.28	398.8	492.19	−93.39	45.6	49.0	−3.4
2	445.67	465.18	−19.51	213.13	250.47	−37.34	45.0	57.2	−12.3
3	572.42	632.36	−59.94	321.08	216.46	104.62	48.8	56.9	−8.1
4	308.05	33.6	274.45	185.04	90.13	94.91	42.3	61.4	−19.1
5	380.64	574.3	−193.66	0	323.81	−323.81	55.3	70.5	−15.2
6	347.7	243.24	104.46	264.02	396.66	−132.64	36.7	40.1	−3.4
7	433.04	655.2	−222.16	26.64	89.86	−63.22	61.5	68.5	−7.0
8	304.92	785.24	−480.32	561.84	255.04	306.8	38.5	51.5	−13.1
9	272.4	357.7	−85.3	38.48	278.88	−240.4	43.5	70.6	−27.1
10	697.74	583.27	114.47	313.02	115.78	197.24	60.5	80.7	−20.2
11	815.28	446.76	368.52	91.54	84.24	7.3	48.6	66.3	−17.7
12	621.16	680.56	−59.4	311.75	416.22	−104.47	53.1	64.6	−11.5
13	566.62	936.39	−369.77	158.44	0	158.44	54.5	72.6	−18.1
14	803.08	521.64	281.44	452.15	100.62	351.53	53.9	64.6	−10.7
15	242.08	519.68	−277.6	110.55	374.44	−263.89	40.1	63.0	−22.9
16	813.77	391.14	422.63	280.28	247.24	33.04	56.1	68.6	−12.5
17	792.57	590.72	201.85	127.38	156.22	−28.84	68.5	92.4	−23.9
18	666.3	624.26	42.04	132.48	84.76	47.72	56.9	82.5	−25.6
19	373.23	0	373.23	258.78	0	258.78	60.0	88.3	−28.3

Note.—BOLD indicates blood oxygen level-dependent.
* The blood oxygen level-dependent change was calculated by multiplying the mean percent change by the number of voxels in the cluster. This calculation was used to account for signal change magnitude and activation volume. The zeros in the blood oxygen level-dependent columns represent cases in which, although activation was present, the activation clusters did not survive correction for multiple comparisons.