Demographic | No. |
---|---|
Total | 75 |
Focus laterality | |
Right | 35 |
Left | 40 |
Focus location | |
Temporal | 57 |
Frontal | 13 |
Parietal | 1 |
Occipital | 2 |
Temporo-occipital | 1 |
Parieto-occipital | 1 |
Histologic diagnosis | |
MTS | 34 |
MCD | |
Cortical dysplasia | 8 |
Tuberous sclerosis | 2 |
Heterotopia | 1 |
Tumor | |
Glioma | 8 |
Ganglioglioma | 3 |
Amygdalar hamartoma | 3 |
Angioma | 3 |
DNT | 3 |
Nonspecific | |
No remarkable abnormality | 8 |
Atrophy | 2 |
Prognosis (Engel classification)a | |
Ia | 44 |
Ib | 9 |
Ic-d | 0 |
IIa | 0 |
IIb | 22 |
IIc-d | 0 |
III | 0 |
IV | 0 |
Medicationb | |
CBZ | 52 |
PHT | 34 |
PB | 18 |
VPA | 11 |
CLB | 14 |
DZP | 1 |
CZP | 4 |
Application of invasive EEGc | |
No | 52 |
Yes | 23 |
Note:—DNT indicates dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor; CBZ, carbamazepine; PHT, phenytoin; PB, phenobarbital; VPA, sodium valproate; CLB, clobazam; DZP, diazepam; CZP, clonazepam.
↵a Class I: Free of disabling seizures. a, Completely seizure-free since surgery. b, Nondisabling simple partial seizures only since surgery. c, Some disabling seizures after surgery, but free of disabling seizures for at least 2 years. d, Generalized convulsions with antiepileptic drug discontinuation only. Class II: Rare disabling seizures. (“almost seizure-free”) a, Initially free of disabling seizures but has rare seizures now. b, Rare disabling seizures since surgery. c, More than rare disabling seizures since surgery, but rare seizures for the last 2 years. d, Nocturnal seizures only. Class III: Worthwhile improvement. a, Worthwhile seizure reduction. b, Prolonged seizure-free intervals amounting to greater than half the follow-up period, but not <2 years. Class IV: No worthwhile improvement. a, Significant seizure reduction. b, No appreciable change. c, Seizures worse.
↵b Use of anticonvulsants at the time of I-123 iomazenil SPECT examination.
↵c Group of patients who underwent 2-step surgery: intracranial EEG electrode implantation and foci resection. This group comprised 5 cases of MTS, 6 cases of MCD, 7 tumors, and 5 healthy patients.