MR imaging criteria suggestive of extraligamentous HIVD in the lumbar spine
| MR Imaging Criteria | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Accuracy (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Odds Ratio/P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spinal canal compromised for more than half its dimension | 30/66 (45.5) | 42/51 (82.4) | 72/117 (61.5) | 30/39 (76.9) | 42/78 (53.8) | 3.88/.0015 |
| Internal signal difference in HIVD | 23/66 (34.8) | 42/51 (82.4) | 65/117 (55.6) | 23/32 (71.9) | 42/85 (49.4) | 2.49/.0385 |
| Ill-defined margin of HIVD | 10/66 (15.2) | 49/51 (96.1) | 59/117 (50.4) | 10/12 (83.3) | 49/105 (46.7) | 4.37/.0471 |
| Disruption of continuous low-signal-intensity line covering HIVD | 38/66 (57.6) | 40/51 (78.4) | 78/117 (66.7) | 38/49 (77.6) | 40/68 (58.8) | 4.93/<.0001 |
| Presence of internal dark line in HIVD | 20/66 (30.3) | 46/51 (90.2) | 66/117 (56.4) | 20/25 (80.0) | 46/92 (50.0) | 4.00/.0072 |
| Combination of 5 MR imaging criteria | 51/66 (77.3) | 38/51 (74.5) | 89/117 (76.1) | 51/64 (79.7) | 38/53 (71.7) | 9.93/<.0001 |