CSF flow displacement volume per cardiac cycle, peak-to-peak amplitude, and heart rate at rest, during, and post-Valsalva maneuver, from fast cine-PC measurements
| R | VAL | P-VAL | Comparison (P Value) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R vs VAL | VAL vs P-VAL | R vs P-VAL | ||||
| Mean CSF V̄CSF (mL) per cardiac cycle | 0.57 ± 0.24 | 0.37 ± 0.17 | 0.68 ± 0.19 | <.001 | <.001 | <.05 |
| App (mL/s) | 4.51 ± 1.61 | 3.52 ± 1.59 | 5.28 ± 1.49 | <.007 | <.001 | ≤.01 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 67.1 ± 10.4 | 78.5 ± 9.9 | 64.22 ± 6.6 | <.002 | <.001 | NS |
NS indicates not significant; P-VAL, post-Valsalva; R, resting; VAL, Valsalva.
Note:— All values are expressed as mean ± SD.