Multisite epidural blood patch procedures and outcomesa
| Patient | No. of Procedures | Access Site | Levels Injected | Volume Injected (Autologous Blood/DuraSeal) (mL/mL) | Follow-Up (mo) | Outcomeb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | L3; L3; L4 | C5–L3; C5–L3; C5–L3 | 60/2; 55/3; 60 | 1 | 2b |
| 2 | 2 | L3; L3 | C4–L3; C5–L3 | 60; 45/2 | 2 | 2c |
| 3 | 1 | L3 | C4–L3 | 70 | 2 | 1 |
| 4 | 2 | L3; L3 | C3–L3; C5–L3 | 50; 65 | 1 | 2b |
| 5 | 2 | T12, L4; L4 | C6–T12, L4; C3–L4 | 18, 20; 65 | 7 | 2a |
| 6 | 5 | T12, L3; L3; L2; L2; L4 | C7–T12, L3; C3–L3; C3–L2; C6–L2; C6–L4 | 20, 18; 55; 45/0.5; 65/3; 70/3 | 1 | 3 |
| 7 | 2 | T12, L4; L3 | C7–T12, L2; C4–L3 | 18, 20; 60/1.5 | 4 | 2c |
| 8 | 2 | T12, L4; L1, L3 | C5–T12, L4; C3–L1, L3 | 25, 20; 28, 20 | 2.5 | 2a |
| 9 | 1 | L4 | C5–L4 | 50 | 0.25 | 1 |
↵a Data from separate procedures are noted by a semicolon.
↵b Outcomes: 1 = resolution without recurrence; 2a = improvement, recurrence, followed by resolution with subsequent treatment; 2b = stepwise improvement to resolution; 2c = improvement but not to resolution; 3 = transient improvement with worsening back to baseline; 4 = no improvement; 5 = worsening.