Demographic characteristics of patients with clinically isolated syndrome and other neurologic disorders and healthy controlsa
| CIS (n = 48) | HC (n = 47) | P | ONDb (n = 30) | Pc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male/female | 11:37 | 12:35 | .766 | 7:23 | .827 |
| Age (yr) (mean) | 40.7 ± 11.6 | 40.1 ± 10.7 | .814 | 40.9 ± 15.6 | .780 |
| Age at diagnosis (yr) (mean) | 38.3 ± 11.6 | – | – | 34.6 ± 17.1 | – |
| Disease duration (yr) (mean) | 2.8 ± 3.9 | – | – | 12.3 ± 11.2 | – |
| Expanded Disability Status Scale (median ± IQR) | 1.5 ± 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Disease modifying therapy (No.) (%) | |||||
| No therapy | 21, 43.8 | ||||
| Interferon β 1a | 19, 39.6 | – | – | – | – |
| Glatiramer acetate | 7, 14.5 | ||||
| Other | 1, 2.1 | ||||
| Type of OND (No.) (%)b | |||||
| Degenerative | 10 (33.3) | ||||
| Autoimmune | – | – | – | 10 (33.3) | – |
| Vascular | 10 (33.3) | ||||
| WM-SAV | 5.1 ± 8.8 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | <.001 | 3.4 ± 8.6 | .042 |
| Normalized brain volume | 1532.6 ± 61.9 | 1556.4 ± 77.9 | .103 | 1549.3 ± 101 | .733 |
| Normalized GM volume | 785.8 ± 45.7 | 783.6 ± 45.1 | .814 | 786.9 ± 82.5 | .816 |
| Normalized WM volume | 746.9 ± 28.9 | 772.8 ± 49.8 | .003 | 762.4 ± 37.6 | .332 |
| Normalized lateral ventricle volume | 36.6 ± 15.2 | 30.5 ± 10.3 | .032 | 36.2 ± 21.9 | .151 |
Note:—CIS indicates clinically isolated syndrome; HC, healthy controls; IQR, interquartile range; OND, other neurological disorders; –, not applicable; WA-SAV, white matter signal abnormality volume.
↵a Values are presented as means. Volumetric measurements are presented in milliliters. Groups were compared using the χ2 test and Student t test.
↵b Degenerative disease group (n = 10) included patients with Parkinson disease (n = 6), epilepsy (n = 2), cerebellum syndrome (n = 1), and dementia (n = 1); autoimmune disease group (n = 10) included patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (n = 4), systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 3), neurosarcoidosis (n = 1), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (n = 1), and chronic fatigue syndrome (n = 1); neurovascular disease group (n = 10) included patients with migraine (n = 7), transitory ischemic attack (n = 1), headache (n = 1), and CNS vasculitis (n = 1).
↵c P value of OND vs HC.