Characteristics of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage with and without sentinel headachea
| Sentinel Headache | No Sentinel Headache | P Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 54.1 | 45.2–71.8 | 53.6 | 49.2–60.8 | .8336b |
| Admission scores | |||||
| Glasgow Coma Scale | 13.0 | 7.8–14.4 | 14.0 | 9.9–13.6 | .1912b |
| Hunt and Hess Grade | 3.0 | 2.4–4.1 | 3.0 | 2.5–3.5 | .4507b |
| WFNS grade | 3.0 | 2.2–4.1 | 2.0 | 2.0–3.2 | .2618b |
| Radiologic features | |||||
| Fisher score | 3.0 | 2.8–3.4 | 3.0 | 2.9–3.0 | .1155b |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage | 5 | 62.5% | 13 | 52.0% | .6992c |
| Intracerebral hemorrhage | 2 | 25.0% | 4 | 16.0% | .6162c |
| Acute hydrocephalus | 5 | 62.5% | 19 | 76.0% | .6510c |
| Aneurysm location | |||||
| ACA/AcomA | 2 | 25.0% | 11 | 44.0% | .5436d |
| ICA/PcomA | 3 | 37.5% | 5 | 20.0% | |
| MCA | 2 | 25.0% | 8 | 32.0% | |
| Posterior circulation | 1 | 12.5% | 1 | 4.0% | |
| Aneurysm characteristics | |||||
| Dome size (mm) | 6.5 | 4.6–10.6 | 7.0 | 6.5–7.9 | .8155b |
| Neck size (mm) | 3.0 | 1.5–5.5 | 3.4 | 2.7–5.0 | .6447b |
| Aneurysm occlusion | |||||
| Surgical occlusion | 4 | 50.0% | 9 | 36.0% | .6573d |
| Endovascular occlusion | 3 | 37.5% | 14 | 56.0% | |
| None | 1 | 12.5% | 2 | 8.0% | |
| Further treatment | |||||
| DHC | 1 | 12.5% | 2 | 8.0% | 1.0000c |
| VP shunt | 3 | 37.5% | 7 | 28.0% | .6728c |
| Balloon dilation | – | 0% | 8 | 32.0% | .1516c |
| Complications | |||||
| Angiographic vasospasm | 1 | 12.5% | 16 | 64.0% | .0167c |
| DIND | – | 0% | 10 | 40.0% | .0715c |
| DCI | – | 0% | 5 | 20.0% | .3023c |
| Rebleeding | – | 0% | 2 | 8.0% | 1.0000c |
| Outcome at discharge | |||||
| Death | 3 | 37.5% | 5 | 20.0% | .3659c |
| Unfavorable (mRS 4–5) | – | 0% | 1 | 4.0% | 1.0000c |
| Favorable (mRS 0–3) | 5 | 62.5% | 19 | 76.0% | .6510c |
| MoCA | 15.0 | 0.4–34.2 | 18.0 | 11.0–20.9 | .9108b |
| Total | 8 | 100% | 25 | 100% | |
Note:—ACA indicates anterior cerebral artery; AcomA, anterior communicating artery; DCI, delayed cerebral ischemia; DHC, decompressive hemicraniectomy; DIND, delayed ischemic neurologic deficit; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PcomA, posterior communicating artery; VP, ventriculoperitoneal; WFNS, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grading scale.
↵a The rates of vasospasm and DIND are lower in patients with sentinel headache probably due to higher early mortality in this group. Results are presented as medians with 95% confidence intervals for nominal variables and in absolute numbers and percentages for categoric variables.
↵b Mann-Whitney test.
↵c Fisher exact test.
↵d χ2 test.